This bill requires the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct automated assessments of housing damage and economic recovery needs within 60 days of a major disaster declaration and every three months thereafter. Using existing federal data, the Secretary must identify specific shortages in affordable housing and infrastructure to determine how Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery funds can best address unmet needs. The results of this analysis must be reported to Congress to guide the allocation of disaster relief resources.
The Housing Survivors of Major Disasters Act of 2026 expands disaster relief assistance to individuals who lived in disaster areas but lacked formal proof of ownership or were not renting, including those who were homeless or stayed in temporary accommodations. It allows these eligible households to use federal funds to pay for obtaining property titles, such as costs for land surveys and associated taxes, by accepting a wide range of documents like utility bills, driver's licenses, and school records as evidence of their connection to the property. The bill also requires FEMA to create a simple, non-notarized form for applicants to self-certify their eligibility and mandates that the agency consult with the Department of Housing and Urban Development to coordinate temporary rental assistance programs for displaced residents. Additionally, the legislation amends existing disaster housing rules to focus on ensuring residences are habitable during long-term recovery and permits temporary housing if the President deems it a cost-effective alternative to other solutions.
The Reforming Disaster Recovery Act establishes a new Long-Term Disaster Recovery Fund to provide grants for housing, infrastructure, and economic revitalization in areas most affected by catastrophic major disasters. This legislation creates a new Office of Disaster Management and Resiliency within the Department of Housing and Urban Development to coordinate recovery efforts and ensures that at least 70 percent of the funding benefits low- and moderate-income households. The bill also introduces a formula-based allocation system that includes a specific portion of funds for mitigation activities designed to reduce future disaster risks and requires strict reporting to prevent the duplication of benefits with other federal aid.
The READY Accounts Act creates a new tax-advantaged savings account that allows individuals to deduct up to $4,500 annually (adjusted for inflation) for contributions toward home disaster preparedness and recovery. These accounts can only be used for specific qualifying expenses, including disaster mitigation measures like reinforcing roofs, installing impact-resistant windows, or recovering from disaster damage like fire or storm. Contributions must be in cash, accounts must be administered by banks or approved entities, and distributions not used for qualifying expenses are taxable with a 20% additional tax penalty. The bill applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024.
This bill requires communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program that repeatedly experience severe flooding to develop and implement flood mitigation plans. Specifically, it targets communities with at least 50 properties having multiple flood insurance claims totaling over $1,000 each in a 10-year period, or those with unmitigated severe flood damage to public/private facilities. Communities must assess flood risks, create community-specific plans for reducing those risks, and submit them to FEMA for review, with public access to these plans. Failure to comply may result in sanctions, including suspension from the flood insurance program, while FEMA must provide data assistance and consider compliance when distributing mitigation grants.
HR 760, the Restoring Access to Mountain Homes Act, allows FEMA to reimburse state, tribal, and local governments in North Carolina for repairing private roads and bridges damaged by Tropical Storm Helene - specifically those serving as the sole access to homes or essential services. It overrides standard FEMA rules by removing the requirement that roads must be in pre-existing good condition, enabling funding for repairs even if the infrastructure was already deteriorated. The bill requires inspections to verify needs, ensures roads stay open during repairs, and mandates documentation of costs, while clarifying that prior FEMA aid for similar repairs doesn’t count toward assistance limits. This directly affects mountain communities in North Carolina where Helene destroyed critical access routes, making recovery possible through federal reimbursement for previously ineligible private infrastructure.
HR 2907, the Save BRIC Act, aims to reinstate the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) program by amending the Stafford Act to require communities to use federal disaster mitigation funds for proactive resilience projects. It directly affects communities that lost over $4 billion in BRIC grants after the program's 2025 cancellation, mandating that these funds be used for activities like elevating flood-prone structures, hardening buildings, and planning to reduce disaster impacts. The bill cites evidence that every $1 invested in pre-disaster mitigation saves up to $13 in recovery costs, reversing the previous policy that allowed grant clawbacks.
This bill establishes a 10-year pilot program to help homeowners make their homes more resilient to natural disasters. It directs FEMA to use up to 10% of existing disaster relief funds to provide grants for retrofits like floodproofing, seismic upgrades, and hurricane straps - prioritizing low-income households. The program, running until 2030, requires grantees to report on participation, costs, and reduced disaster impacts. It specifically uses existing Stafford Act funding streams without creating new programs.
This bill expands eligibility for FEMA disaster assistance by broadening the types of evidence considered proof of property ownership for survivors without formal deeds. It allows applicants to submit documents like property tax receipts, mortgage records, insurance papers, or even death certificates (in states without will requirements) to demonstrate "constructive ownership" of their home. The bill also permits a simple signed declaration under penalty of perjury - without notarization - to support claims when other evidence is insufficient. These changes apply to disaster assistance funds appropriated after the bill's enactment, directly helping individuals affected by major disasters who lack traditional ownership documentation.
HR 1593, the Disaster Displacement Assistance Improvement Act of 2025, clarifies that insurance payments for disaster-related housing costs cannot be counted as "duplication of benefits" when determining eligibility for federal displacement assistance. This change directly affects disaster survivors who receive insurance payouts, allowing them to access both insurance funds and federal assistance for temporary housing. The bill amends the Stafford Act to define "displacement assistance" as support for hotel/motel stays, staying with others, or other housing options while removing the previous barrier to combining insurance and federal aid. The key provision ensures survivors aren’t denied federal help simply because they have insurance coverage for their housing losses.
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Emergency Management
