HOPE PAC
FEC committee C00701680. Which candidates it gave to and spent on, with direct contributions and independent expenditures kept apart.
A leadership PAC, not a campaign committee
The FEC registers this committee as a leadership PAC: a committee established or controlled by a candidate or officeholder to support other candidates. It is not that person's authorized campaign committee. Money it raises is not money their campaign raised, and money it gives is not money their campaign gave. Nothing on this page is combined with any campaign total.
The FEC's committee record names Joe Neguse as the sponsoring candidate or officeholder. This is not their campaign committee.
| Sponsoring candidate or officeholder | Joe Neguse The FEC publishes this as a candidate ID on the committee's own record. MyRepTracker never matches a sponsor by name. |
|---|---|
| FEC candidate record reported | H8CO02160 ↗ |
Registration
A multicandidate political action committee. It may contribute to candidates within federal limits.
| FEC committee ID | C00701680 |
|---|---|
| Reported name | HOPE PACNames change; this page is keyed to the committee ID, so an old name still reaches it. |
| Committee type | PAC, qualified Q |
| Designation | Leadership PAC D |
| Party affiliation | None reported |
| Connected organization | NEGUSE This is the relationship the committee itself reported to the FEC. It is not a MyRepTracker judgement about who controls the committee. |
| Registration read from | The FEC's committee master for the 2024 cycle |
| Registration date | Not availableThe FEC's published committee master carries no registration date. The FEC record linked below shows it. |
| FEC record | Committee C00701680 at FEC.gov ↗ |
Who runs this committee, and what it advances
| Kind of committee | Leadership PACs Derived from the registration this committee filed for the 2024 cycle. This is the FEC's own record, not a MyRepTracker judgement. |
|---|---|
| Interest advanced | None, and none is owed. A leadership PAC, a candidate's own committee, and a party committee are not interest groups: their giving is an officeholder's or a party's decision, so no interest label describes it. MyRepTracker never assigns one. |
What this committee raised and spent on itself
These are the committee's own figures, from the summary the FEC publishes of the reports it has filed, covering the period ending Dec 31, 2024. The FEC rebuilds that summary as new reports arrive, so these figures move; these are the figures the file the FEC built on Aug 20, 2026 reported.
Nothing here is added to the candidate-by-candidate amounts elsewhere on this page. Those are money this committee moved to or against specific campaigns; these are its own accounts.
What it raised
| Measure | Amount |
|---|---|
| Total receipts | $297,035 |
| Contributions received Before refunds | $288,250 |
| From individuals | $184,750 |
| From individuals, itemized Contributions the FEC requires be reported one by one | $184,750 |
| From individuals, unitemized Reported only as a total, so no detail exists for them here or at the FEC | $0 |
| From other political committees | $103,500 |
| From party committees | $0 |
| Total loans | $0 |
| Transfers in from affiliated committees Already raised money moving, not new money | $0 |
| Other receipts | $0 |
What it spent
| Measure | Amount |
|---|---|
| Total disbursements | $266,813 |
| Other disbursements | $5,000 |
| Operating expenditures, net of offsets As the FEC reports it, not derived here | $47,427 |
| Transfers out to affiliated committees | $0 |
| Other loan repayments | $0 |
What it holds, owes, and gave back
| Measure | Amount |
|---|---|
| Cash on hand at the end of the period | $85,879 |
| Cash on hand at the start of the period | $55,657 |
| Debts the committee owes | $0 |
| Debts owed to the committee | $0 |
| Contributions refunded | $0 |
| Refunded to individuals | $0 |
| Refunded to other political committees | $0 |
| Refunded to party committees | $0 |
| Contributions net of refunds As the FEC reports it, not derived here | $288,250 |
Its own totals for candidate activity
These will not match the per-candidate rows on this page, and are not meant to. These are the committee's own totals across every federal candidate. They will not match the per-candidate rows on this page, which are read from the contribution and independent-expenditure filings and cover only the candidates MyRepTracker tracks. The two are never added together.
As the committee reported it
| Measure | Amount |
|---|---|
| Contributions to federal candidates | $208,600 |
| Independent expenditures For and against candidates combined; this figure carries no support or oppose split | $0 |
| Coordinated party expenditures Only party committees may make these | $0 |
Left blank on this committee's reports, so unavailable rather than zero: From the candidate, Loans from the candidate, Other loans, Operating expenditures, Loan repayments to the candidate, Total loan repayments. Many are columns only one kind of committee files.
What this committee did in the 2024 cycle
Each row below is a different kind of money and they are never added together. A contribution is money a campaign received. An independent expenditure was never the campaign's money at all. Adding them would state a relationship the filings do not support. These figures cover candidate filings through Dec 31, 2024.
| Kind of activity | Amount | Candidates | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contributions to candidates | $155,000 | 108 | 146 |
| Distinct candidates involved | No combined total | 108 |
Every recipient
Every candidate this committee gave to or spent on in the 2024 cycle, sorted by amount with ties broken by FEC candidate ID so the order is the same on every request. Each row links to that candidate's own page, where the same money appears from their side. Itemized rows as published by the FEC on Mar 8, 2026.
MyRepTracker reads these amounts from what the giving and spending committees filed. A candidate's own summary of what they received often differs, which is normal and is explained on the candidate's page; it is not a reason to doubt this committee's own filing, and nothing here is adjusted to make the two agree.
1 of these candidates have no party recorded and are left out of any party filter.
| Rank | Candidate | Activity | Office | Party | State | Amount | Share | Transactions | Latest activity | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andrea Salinas H2OR06066 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 6 | Democratic | OR | $5,000 | 3.2% | 3 | Oct 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 2 | Joe Neguse H8CO02160 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | CO | $5,000 | 3.2% | 1 | Nov 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 3 | Steven Horsford H2NV04011 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 4 | Democratic | NV | $4,000 | 2.6% | 3 | Oct 30, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 4 | Nikki Budzinski H2IL13153 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 13 | Democratic | IL | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 29, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 5 | Valerie P. Foushee H2NC06114 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 6 | Democratic | NC | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 6 | Janelle S. Bynum H4OR05304 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 5 | Democratic | OR | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 5, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 7 | Darren Soto H6FL09179 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 9 | Democratic | FL | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 18, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 8 | Vicente Gonzalez H6TX15162 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 15 | Democratic | TX | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 24, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 9 | Mike Levin H8CA49058 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 49 | Democratic | CA | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 16, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 10 | Mary Sattler Peltola H2AK01158 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 1 | Democratic | AK | $2,000 | 1.3% | 1 | Nov 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 11 | Joe Courtney H2CT02112 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | CT | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 22, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 12 | Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. H2GA02031 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | GA | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 22, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 13 | Delia C. Ramirez H2IL03162 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | IL | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Jun 20, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 14 | Robert Menendez H2NJ08232 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 8 | Democratic | NJ | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | May 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 15 | Melanie A. Stansbury H2NM01144 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 1 | Democratic | NM | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 28, 2023 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 16 | Matt Cartwright H2PA17079 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 17 | Democratic | PA | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 31, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 17 | Seth Magaziner H2RI02184 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | RI | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Jun 24, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 18 | Yassamin Ansari H4AZ03109 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | AZ | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Nov 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 19 | April McClain Delaney H4MD06340 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 6 | Democratic | MD | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Aug 26, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 20 | Maggie Goodlander H4NH02399 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | NH | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 30, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 21 | Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. H4NJ03080 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | NJ | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 5, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 22 | Sheila Jackson Lee H4TX18054 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 18 | Democratic | TX | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Apr 17, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 23 | Suhas Subramanyam H4VA10279 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 10 | Democratic | VA | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 30, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 24 | Susie Lee H6NV04020 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 4 | Democratic | NV | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 22, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 25 | Thomas R. Suozzi H6NY03247 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | NY | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 28, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 26 | Jimmy Gomez H8CA34266 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 34 | Democratic | CA | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 14, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 27 | Jahana Hayes H8CT05245 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 5 | Democratic | CT | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 26, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 28 | Jared F. Golden H8ME02185 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | ME | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 14, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 29 | Ilhan Omar H8MN05239 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 5 | Democratic | MN | $2,000 | 1.3% | 1 | Mar 24, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 30 | Dina Titus H8NV03036 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | NV | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 22, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 31 | Patrick Ryan H8NY19223 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 19 | Democratic | NY | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 14, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 32 | Josh Riley H8NY22177 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 22 | Democratic | NY | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Oct 21, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 33 | Kim Schrier H8WA08189 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 8 | Democratic | WA | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 | Sep 23, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 34 | Terri A. Sewell H0AL07086 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 7 | Democratic | AL | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Mar 2, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 35 | Frank J. Mrvan H0IN01150 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 1 | Democratic | IN | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | May 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 36 | Hillary J. Scholten H0MI03316 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 3 | Democratic | MI | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Sep 14, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 37 | Ann M. Kuster H0NH02181 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | NH | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Sep 24, 2023 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 38 | Jamaal Bowman H0NY16143 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 16 | Democratic | NY | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Dec 21, 2023 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 39 | Mondaire Jones H0NY17174 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 17 | Democratic | NY | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Sep 26, 2023 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 40 | Marilyn Strickland H0WA10034 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 10 | Democratic | WA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Jun 10, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 41 | Julia Brownley H2CA00120 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 0 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Dec 2, 2023 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 42 | Adam Gray H2CA13115 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 13 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Aug 30, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 43 | Kevin Mullin H2CA14162 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 14 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Jan 18, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 44 | Rudy Salas H2CA21233 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 21 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Oct 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 45 | Raul Ruiz H2CA36439 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 36 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Jan 18, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 46 | Sydney Kamlager-Dove H2CA37304 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 37 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Jun 10, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 47 | Will Rollins H2CA42205 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 42 | Democratic | CA | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Oct 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 48 | Yadira Caraveo H2CO08020 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 8 | Democratic | CO | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Oct 22, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 49 | Lois Frankel H2FL14053 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 14 | Democratic | FL | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Sep 25, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 50 | Jill N. Tokuda H2HI02581 | Contribution to the campaign | House district 2 | Democratic | HI | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 | Jan 18, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
Contributions to candidates
Money this committee gave to candidates' authorized campaign committees out of its own funds. This is a contribution the campaign received and reported; it is not outside spending.
| Rank | Candidate | Office | Party | State | Amount | Share | Transactions | Latest activity | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andrea Salinas H2OR06066 | House district 6 | Democratic | OR | $5,000 | 3.2% | 3 | Oct 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 2 | Joe Neguse H8CO02160 | House district 2 | Democratic | CO | $5,000 | 3.2% | 1 | Nov 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 3 | Steven Horsford H2NV04011 | House district 4 | Democratic | NV | $4,000 | 2.6% | 3 | Oct 30, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 4 | Nikki Budzinski H2IL13153 | House district 13 | Democratic | IL | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 29, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 5 | Valerie P. Foushee H2NC06114 | House district 6 | Democratic | NC | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 13, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 6 | Janelle S. Bynum H4OR05304 | House district 5 | Democratic | OR | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 5, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 7 | Darren Soto H6FL09179 | House district 9 | Democratic | FL | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Sep 18, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 8 | Vicente Gonzalez H6TX15162 | House district 15 | Democratic | TX | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 24, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 9 | Mike Levin H8CA49058 | House district 49 | Democratic | CA | $3,000 | 1.9% | 3 | Oct 16, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
| 10 | Mary Sattler Peltola H2AK01158 | House district 1 | Democratic | AK | $2,000 | 1.3% | 1 | Nov 4, 2024 | 2024 cycle, through Dec 31, 2024 |
How the 2024 cycle's activity was distributed
Each kind of activity is distributed on its own. Contributions and independent expenditures are never combined into one distribution, because the two are not the same kind of money. Every bar below repeats its amount, share, and candidate count as text in the same row.
Contributions to candidates
$155,000 across 108 candidates in the 2024 cycle, covering filings through Dec 31, 2024. Every share below is a share of that amount, and no other kind of activity is included in it.
By the recipient's party
| Party | Amount | Share | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | $154,000 | 99.4% | 107 |
| Party not reported | $1,000 | 0.6% | 1 |
| Total | $155,000 | 100% |
By office and chamber
| Office | Amount | Share | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|
| House | $153,000 | 98.7% | 106 |
| Senate | $2,000 | 1.3% | 2 |
| Total | $155,000 | 100% |
By the candidate's state
Top 12 of 35 shown. The complete list is in the recipient table above, which can be filtered by the same values.
| State | Amount | Share | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA | $23,000 | 14.8% | 20 |
| NY | $11,000 | 7.1% | 8 |
| OR | $11,000 | 7.1% | 5 |
| TX | $11,000 | 7.1% | 8 |
| IL | $8,000 | 5.2% | 5 |
| NV | $8,000 | 5.2% | 3 |
| CO | $6,000 | 3.9% | 2 |
| NJ | $6,000 | 3.9% | 4 |
| FL | $5,000 | 3.2% | 3 |
| PA | $5,000 | 3.2% | 4 |
| VA | $5,000 | 3.2% | 4 |
| WA | $5,000 | 3.2% | 4 |
| Total | $155,000 | 100% |
A distribution covering candidates from more than one party is a fact about where the money went. It is not evidence of a motive, a strategy, or an agreement, and this page does not suggest one.
Activity over time
Each kind of activity by the month the FEC records date it to, across the 2024 cycle, covering filings through Dec 31, 2024. Bars are drawn from a zero baseline against one shared scale of $32,000, so the series are directly comparable, and every value is repeated in its own row. Each series adds up to the same total as its section above.
Contributions to candidates
$155,000 placed by month.
| Month | Amount | Transactions |
|---|---|---|
| Mar 2023 | $2,000 | 2 |
| Jul 2023 | $1,000 | 1 |
| Sep 2023 | $8,000 | 8 |
| Oct 2023 | $1,000 | 1 |
| Nov 2023 | $1,000 | 1 |
| Dec 2023 | $9,000 | 9 |
| Jan 2024 | $12,000 | 12 |
| Feb 2024 | $5,000 | 5 |
| Mar 2024 | $7,000 | 6 |
| Apr 2024 | $3,000 | 3 |
| May 2024 | $10,000 | 10 |
| Jun 2024 | $15,000 | 15 |
| Jul 2024 | $1,000 | 1 |
| Aug 2024 | $9,000 | 9 |
| Sep 2024 | $30,000 | 30 |
| Oct 2024 | $32,000 | 29 |
| Nov 2024 | $9,000 | 4 |
| Date not reported | $0 | |
| Total for the cycle | $155,000 |
Money moved to and from affiliated committees
A transfer moves money that has already been raised, between committees the FEC treats as affiliated. It is not a contribution and it is not new money, so none of it is counted anywhere else on this page. Both committees file their own record of the same transfer; the rows below are only this committee's own filings, and the counterparty's version is on its page rather than added here.
Filings behind these figures
What these numbers mean
- A contribution is not an independent expenditure
- A contribution is money a committee gave to a candidate's own campaign committee, which the campaign received and reported. An independent expenditure is money spent about a candidate without coordinating with them; the campaign never received or controlled it. The Federal Election Commission treats these as different activities, and so does this page.
- Money forwarded through a conduit was given by individuals
- Some committees exist to transmit contributions that individual donors earmarked for a campaign. The FEC records name the conduit as the filer, but the donors are people, and the conduit did not give the money.
- This page reads the giving side
- Every amount here comes from what the giving or spending committee filed. A candidate's own summary of what they received is a separate record, made at a different time, and the two routinely differ. Neither is a correction of the other, and MyRepTracker does not adjust either one.
- Coverage is the candidates MyRepTracker follows
- These pages are built from the FEC records of the federal candidates in MyRepTracker's coverage. A committee may have given to candidates outside that coverage, so the recipients here are the complete list within it, not necessarily everything the committee did.
- A committee ID is the identity
- Committees are renamed and their registrations change between cycles. This page is keyed to the FEC committee ID, so an old name reaches the same page, and the registration shown is the one filed for the cycle you are viewing.
- A transfer is not a contribution
- Money moved between affiliated committees was raised once and is being moved. It is never counted as money raised or as money given to a candidate, and the sending and receiving committees each file their own record of it, so a total that added both sides would report the same money twice.
- A superseded filing is kept, and counted toward nothing
- An amendment replaces a report rather than adjusting it, so exactly one filing is in force for each committee and coverage period. The filing ledger lists the replaced versions too, because the correction history is worth being able to read, and none of them contributes to any amount, ranking, or comparison here.
- A request for additional information is not a finding
- The FEC routinely asks committees to clarify or correct something in a report. A request is correspondence, not a violation, an enforcement action, or a judgement about the committee, and nothing on this page is ranked, scored, or adjusted because one was sent.
- A leadership PAC is not a campaign committee
- A leadership PAC is established or controlled by a candidate or officeholder to support other candidates, and is separate from their own campaign. Its receipts are not their campaign's receipts and its contributions are not their campaign's contributions. Where a sponsor is named here, the FEC published that sponsor's own candidate ID on the committee's record; no sponsor is ever matched by name.
Source: Federal Election Commission ↗. MyRepTracker ingests FEC records directly and does not add its own influence, risk, or corruption score.