Rep. Michael Cloud

Maddy summaryHR 4450, the National Education Association Charter Repeal Act, repeals the federal charter granted to the National Education Association (NEA) under 36 U.S. Code Chapter 1511. This bill directly affects the NEA by removing its status as a federally chartered organization, though the NEA will continue operating as a private entity. The key provision is the complete repeal of the specific statutory provision (36 U.S. Code Chapter 1511) that had provided the NEA with its federal charter since 1961. This is a procedural change with no direct impact on education policy or public funding.

Maddy summaryHR 4382 authorizes the U.S. Mint to produce commemorative coins for the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics/Paralympics and 2034 Salt Lake City Winter Olympics/Paralympics. It specifies gold, silver, and half-dollar coin designs with defined mintage limits (e.g., up to 100,000 $5 gold coins for each event), all bearing inscriptions like "2028" or "2034" and standard coin features. A surcharge ($5-$50 per coin) is added to sales, with all funds directed to the respective Olympic committees to support event hosting and legacy programs like youth sports. The bill ensures no net cost to the government by requiring surcharge revenues to cover all design, production, and marketing expenses before funds are disbursed.

Maddy summaryHRES 570 is a House resolution commending Petty Officer 3rd Class Scott Ruskan for rescuing 165 people during catastrophic July 2025 flooding in central Texas. The resolution honors Ruskan, a Coast Guard Aviation Survival Technician from Air Station Corpus Christi, for his role as the sole triage coordinator during the disaster. It recognizes his "exceptional courage" and "selflessness" in saving lives during the Guadalupe River flooding that caused extensive damage and loss of life. As a ceremonial resolution, it does not create new laws or policies but formally expresses the House's gratitude for Ruskan's service.

Maddy summaryThe PBM Reform Act of 2025 aims to increase transparency and fairness in pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) operations within Medicare Part D and Medicaid programs. The bill requires Medicare Part D plans to allow any pharmacy meeting standard terms to join their networks, establishes "essential retail pharmacies" in underserved areas (with limited pharmacy access), and mandates detailed reporting on drug pricing, rebates, and reimbursement rates. It creates a process for pharmacies to report PBM violations of reasonable contract terms and prohibits "spread pricing" in Medicaid, where PBMs retain the difference between what they pay pharmacies and what they charge plans. These provisions aim to improve pharmacy access for Medicare beneficiaries and ensure fairer reimbursement practices for pharmacies.

Maddy summaryHR 3179 proposes renaming the Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge in Texas to the "Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge." The bill directly affects the refuge's official name and all federal references to it, including documents and maps. It cites findings about 12-year-old Jocelyn Nungaray's murder in Houston and states the renaming honors her, given her love of animals and local connection. The key mechanism is a straightforward name change for all federal records, with no new policies or funding impacts.

Maddy summaryHR 4234 prohibits U.S. officials from temporarily allowing certain individuals to enter the country at the border. It specifically bans parole (temporary entry) for refugees and individuals identified as having terrorism links, being on terror watchlists, or posing a national security risk due to potential ties to terrorism. The bill defines "known terrorist" (arrested/convicted for terrorism), "special interest alien" (with potential terrorism nexus), and "suspected terrorist" to establish these restrictions. These provisions apply to people seeking entry at the border who meet these criteria, replacing existing parole authority for such cases.

Maddy summaryHR 4201, the TPS Reform Act of 2025, changes how Temporary Protected Status (TPS) is granted to immigrants from foreign countries facing crises. It requires Congress, not the executive branch, to pass a specific law designating a country for TPS, based on strict criteria like ongoing armed conflict, major natural disasters, or extraordinary conditions preventing safe return. The law sets clear time limits: initial designations last up to 18 months, with extensions capped at 12 months, and mandates Congress to find that crisis conditions continue for any extension. This directly affects immigrants from designated countries who would otherwise be allowed to live and work temporarily in the U.S. due to unsafe conditions in their home countries. The bill also shifts administration from the Attorney General to the Secretary of Homeland Security.

Maddy summaryThis bill requires the U.S. government to treat any World Health Organization (WHO) pandemic prevention or response agreement as a treaty needing Senate approval with a two-thirds vote. It directly affects U.S. foreign policy decisions regarding WHO agreements, ensuring the Senate must consent before such treaties take effect. The bill mandates that any WHO pandemic agreement - like the one adopted at the 2025 World Health Assembly - must follow the constitutional treaty process, not be implemented as a less formal executive agreement. This policy change aims to address concerns about WHO's pandemic management and independence, as highlighted by congressional findings.

Maddy summaryHR 4200, the End DED Act, prohibits federal funding for the Deferred Enforced Departure (DED) program, which provides temporary immigration protections to individuals from specific countries. It directly affects approximately 100,000 people currently covered under DED from nine nations (including Haiti, El Salvador, and Venezuela), who would lose their work authorization and travel privileges if the program is defunded. The bill’s key provision bans all federal funds from being used to implement or administer DED or any successor program. This addresses congressional concerns that DED - a policy created solely by executive action without statutory authority - undermines Congress’s constitutional power over immigration, which it delegated to Temporary Protected Status (TPS) instead.

Maddy summaryHR 4117, the Fuel Emissions Freedom Act, would repeal all federal and state fuel emissions standards for motor vehicles. It specifically targets Clean Air Act sections 202 and 209, as well as Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards under 49 U.S.C. 32902-32918, and nullifies all existing regulations under these provisions. The bill prohibits both the federal government and states from establishing or enforcing any future fuel emission standards for vehicles. This would directly affect automobile manufacturers, who would no longer need to comply with emissions regulations, and states, which would lose authority to set their own standards. The bill’s key mechanism is the complete removal of regulatory requirements related to vehicle emissions.