Housing (Property Taxes)

HB 1289 modifies South Dakota's rules for creating tax increment financing (TIF) districts, which local governments use to fund development projects by capturing future tax growth in designated areas. The bill changes the requirement that a district's assessed value plus existing TIF districts cannot exceed 10.5% (previously 50%) of a political subdivision's total taxable property value. It also revises the criteria for designating a TIF district, requiring that either 25% of the district's area be blighted or 50% must stimulate economic development, and adds new consent rules: counties need municipal approval to create a TIF within city limits, and cities need county approval for TIFs spanning county areas. These changes directly affect counties and municipalities seeking to establish TIF districts for economic development projects.

HB 1261 provides a property tax credit for homeowners of single-family residences in South Dakota, reducing their 2027 property tax bills by up to $500 or the full tax amount owed, whichever is lower. The credit applies automatically to tax bills sent by county treasurers for owner-occupied homes. To fund the credit, $120 million is reallocated from the housing infrastructure fund ($60 million) and the general fund/budget reserve ($60 million each), with the state treasurer transferring funds to cover the revenue loss. This policy directly affects single-family homeowners paying property taxes in 2027, while the funding mechanism ensures no new state revenue is required.

HB 1319 updates tax rules for new or renovated properties in designated areas. It allows county commissioners to use a special formula for up to five years after construction to partially or fully exclude new property value from taxes, but this applies only to specific qualifying properties like new industrial buildings ($30k+ value), affordable housing (meeting income rent limits), or commercial renovations ($30k+ value). The law explicitly excludes properties within tax increment financing districts from this tax relief. After five years, these properties must be taxed at standard rates like other properties. This directly affects developers and property owners building qualifying structures in eligible zones.

HB 1036 would limit annual property tax increases for South Dakota homeowners of single-family residences and nonagricultural property to a maximum of 3% per year. This affects most residential homeowners and nonfarm property owners by capping how much their assessed tax value can rise annually, unless specific exceptions apply. The cap does not apply if ownership changes, the property's use changes, or major additions (increasing value over 40%) are made, but minor renovations or expansions under 40% value increase are excluded. This policy aims to provide stability in property tax assessments for qualifying properties.

SB 178 would lower the maximum percentage of a political subdivision's total assessed property value that can be allocated to tax increment financing (TIF) districts. Currently, South Dakota law limits this to 12.5%, but the bill would reduce that cap to a lower percentage. This change directly affects cities, towns, and counties that create TIF districts to fund economic development projects. The bill does not specify the new percentage but would restrict how much property value can be used for TIF initiatives within any given area.