This bill creates the Missouri Rangers, a new training program for school protection officers designed to prepare them for handling emergency and violent crisis situations in schools. The Missouri State Professional Standards and Training Commission will oversee the program, which includes up to 160 hours of training covering firearms, active shooter response, defensive tactics, and other related skills, with physical requirements based on age. People who complete the training will receive a certificate and badge, and their arrest powers will be limited to weapons offenses and trespassing on school property, though active law enforcement officers are exempt from this restriction. The bill also specifies uniform requirements, mandates that Rangers be considered employees of the hiring school for liability purposes, and grants them qualified immunity.
HB 3286 modifies Missouri's domestic violence protection order process to require courts to prohibit respondents from possessing firearms during active orders. It mandates that courts issue written firearm prohibitions, orally inform respondents, and immediately notify the Missouri Highway Patrol to update the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). This applies specifically to individuals subject to domestic violence protection orders, directly affecting respondents in such cases. The bill adds this firearm restriction as a standard provision within existing protection order mechanisms, without altering other elements like custody or child support.
HB 3194 requires background checks for all private firearm sales or transfers (excluding licensed dealers), affecting individuals selling guns to others. Sellers must arrange checks through a central repository, with approval valid for 30 days before a transfer can occur. Exemptions include family gifts, antique firearms, temporary transfers at shooting ranges, and transfers by law enforcement. Violating the law is a class B misdemeanor, with licensed dealers’ violations reported to federal authorities.
HB 3130 is a Missouri legislative declaration asserting state authority over federal laws regarding firearms and law enforcement transparency. It states that Missouri rejects federal restrictions on gun ownership within the state and declares that federal laws requiring facial coverings for police or limiting gun rights exceed constitutional limits. The bill mandates that all peace officers in Missouri must publicly identify themselves during interactions, prohibiting face coverings except in immediate safety emergencies. This is a declaratory statement of policy, not a new law, and does not change existing legal obligations. It directly affects Missouri law enforcement practices and residents' gun rights within state borders.
HB 2788 would have modified Missouri's unlawful firearm possession law by creating time-based exceptions for people with prior felony convictions. It would have allowed firearm possession after 10 years for violent felony convictions and 3 years for nonviolent felony convictions, following full sentence completion (including probation). The bill exempted antique firearms from these restrictions and defined "violent felony" as involving force/threat against others. However, the bill was introduced in January 2026 and withdrawn the same month without becoming law.
HB 2985 requires background checks for all private sales or transfers of firearms, affecting individuals selling firearms to others outside of licensed dealer transactions. Sellers must arrange for a background check through a licensed dealer or law enforcement agency before transferring a firearm, and the transfer cannot proceed without the central repository's approval, valid for 30 days. Exceptions include transfers between immediate family members, antique firearms, temporary transfers for hunting or shooting range use, and transfers due to death or legal ownership changes. Violating this requirement would be punishable as a class B misdemeanor.
HB 3048 requires courts issuing domestic violence protection orders to prohibit respondents (abusers) from possessing firearms. Courts must inform respondents orally and in writing about this ban and automatically notify Missouri law enforcement to update the federal background check system (NICS). This applies directly to individuals subject to active protection orders in domestic violence cases, preventing them from legally owning or purchasing guns during the order's validity. The law aims to enhance safety for petitioners by removing firearm access for those found to pose domestic violence risks.
HB 1860 creates a 15-member "Task Force on Gun Violence in the City of St. Louis" to address local gun violence. The task force includes four state legislators (appointed by chamber leaders), a public safety director, and eight community members representing police, schools, parents, students, and residents. It will form specialized teams to analyze gun violence data, build community partnerships, develop reduction strategies, and measure progress through monthly meetings. The task force must submit annual reports to the governor and legislature and expires on December 31, 2028 (or extended to 2030). This bill directly affects St. Louis City residents and local institutions by establishing a formal structure for collaborative violence prevention efforts.
HB 2193 creates a legal process for courts to issue emergency "extreme risk orders" restricting gun access when someone poses an immediate risk of harming themselves or others. Law enforcement can request an immediate court order (ex parte) without prior notice if there's an urgent danger, requiring the person to surrender all firearms within 24 hours. A full hearing must occur within 15 days, and if the risk is proven by a preponderance of evidence, a one-year order is issued. This directly affects individuals identified as high-risk by law enforcement, with special provisions for minors under 18, who are transferred to juvenile court.
This Missouri bill replaces the state's self-defense law with updated rules. It allows deadly force to protect against unlawful entry into a home, vehicle, business, or personal property, and removes the requirement to retreat in those locations. The law clarifies that force is justified when a person reasonably believes it's needed to prevent death, serious injury, or a forcible felony. It directly affects individuals claiming self-defense in criminal cases, shifting the burden of proof to the defendant in certain scenarios.
