Energy (Energy Storage)

This bill imposes a $550 tax on each heavy battery module (over 1,000 pounds) and a $1,000 tax on each electric vehicle sold by manufacturers or importers. It excludes hybrid vehicles from the tax definition, as they use both internal combustion engines and rechargeable batteries. The collected revenue would be transferred to the Highway Trust Fund, which finances road and highway maintenance. The tax applies to sales after December 31, 2025.

This bill imposes a $550 tax on each heavy battery module (over 1,000 pounds) and a $1,000 tax on each electric vehicle sold by manufacturers, producers, or importers. It directly affects EV manufacturers and battery suppliers, with taxes applying to sales after December 31, 2025. Revenue from these taxes will be transferred to the Highway Trust Fund. The bill excludes hybrid vehicles that use both internal combustion engines and rechargeable batteries from the electric vehicle definition.

HR 2871, the Safeguarding U.S. Supply Chains Act, blocks tax credits for manufacturers using components made by certain foreign entities deemed security risks. It specifically prohibits the advanced manufacturing production tax credit (Section 45X of the tax code) for components produced by "foreign entities of concern" as defined in a 2021 defense law. The bill also extends this restriction to qualifying battery components made using technology from those same entities. This directly affects manufacturers seeking the tax credit who rely on supply chains involving designated foreign entities. The changes apply to components produced and sold after the bill's enactment date.

HR 4118 ends federal tax credits for new wind, solar, and battery energy storage projects starting construction after the bill's enactment. It directly affects developers and companies building these facilities by eliminating financial incentives for projects beginning after the law takes effect. The bill amends key tax code provisions (Sections 48, 45Y, and 48E) to exclude such new projects from eligibility, while leaving existing credits intact. This change applies only to projects with construction start dates after the bill's effective date, targeting future developments rather than current operations.

HR 1080, the "No Solar Panels on Fertile Farmland Act of 2025," amends federal tax codes to exclude solar energy projects on "prime farmland" from key clean energy tax credits. The bill defines "prime farmland" using the USDA's standard (7 CFR §657.5) and removes eligibility for residential solar credits (Section 25D), production credits (Section 45), investment credits (Section 48), and clean electricity credits (Sections 48E and 45Y) for projects on such land. This directly affects solar developers and property owners seeking these tax incentives for installations on designated prime farmland. The policy change applies to projects placed in service after the bill's enactment date.