Criminal Justice (Courts · Government Transparency)

This bill expands the Freedom of Information Act to require federal courts to release specific records upon public request. It mandates the disclosure of attorney disciplinary actions, complaints against judges, meeting minutes, jury selection forms, and performance reports, while explicitly excluding information related to ongoing cases. The legislation also requires that released data be in a machine-readable format and authorizes funding to establish an office within the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to manage these new requirements.

The Judicial FOIA Expansion Act requires federal courts to release specific records to the public under the Freedom of Information Act. This law mandates the disclosure of attorney disciplinary actions, complaints against judges, meeting minutes, jury selection forms, and performance reports, while explicitly excluding information about ongoing cases. The bill also directs courts to provide this data in machine-readable formats and authorizes $10 million in funding to establish an office within the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to manage these requirements.

This bill, known as the Epstein Files Transparency Act II, strengthens the ability of state attorneys general, district attorneys, and victims to legally challenge the U.S. Attorney General for withholding or redacting records related to the Jeffrey Epstein investigation. It grants these parties the right to sue in federal court to force the release of unredacted documents, including classified materials, while requiring courts to expedite these cases. The legislation clarifies that federal agencies cannot use standard legal privileges to hide relevant evidence and explicitly defines who qualifies as a victim for the purposes of accessing these files. Additionally, it ensures that state and local law enforcement can use the released information in their own investigations without being restricted by federal privacy regulations.

The Open Courts Act of 2026 creates a single, modernized online system to store and display public records for most federal courts in the United States. This centralized platform will automatically make court documents, audio recordings, and opinions available to the public immediately upon filing, while also offering features like searchable databases, email notifications for case updates, and permanent links for easy access. To help fund the development and maintenance of this new system, the bill introduces a fee structure that charges higher rates for high-volume users and government agencies while keeping basic access free for everyone. Additionally, the law sets strict standards for digital accessibility, cybersecurity, and data privacy, and requires regular audits to ensure the system meets user needs and remains secure.

The Government Surveillance Transparency Act of 2026 limits how long courts can keep surveillance orders, applications, and related documents sealed (maximally 180 days initially, with limited extensions), and requires courts to make key details about these surveillance cases publicly available through docket records. It mandates law enforcement to provide notice to individuals whose communications were surveilled, with limited exceptions for ongoing investigations, and establishes new reporting requirements for courts about surveillance orders. The bill also creates grants to help state and tribal courts implement these transparency requirements. This law directly affects federal, state, and tribal courts, law enforcement agencies, and individuals whose communications are subject to surveillance.

The Government Surveillance Transparency Act of 2026 requires federal, state, and tribal courts to publicly disclose criminal surveillance orders, applications, and inventories after a maximum 180-day sealing period, with strict requirements for extensions. The bill mandates courts to publish detailed public reports about surveillance requests, including the nature of investigations and the agencies involved, and requires electronic filing of all surveillance documents. It creates a unique case numbering system for surveillance orders and requires automatic unsealing of documents after the sealing period expires. The law applies to all courts conducting surveillance, with implementation phased to allow time for system upgrades, and aims to increase transparency around government surveillance activities while balancing legitimate law enforcement needs.