Budget & Taxes (Revenue)

This bill amends New Jersey's existing transportation funding law to prevent money from a proposed increase in the petroleum products gross receipts tax from being used for passenger or freight rail projects. The legislation directly affects the state's transportation budget and the allocation of tax revenue collected from fuel sales. By explicitly excluding rail projects from the list of allowable uses for this specific tax revenue, the bill ensures that funds raised through the petroleum tax increase are directed toward other transportation infrastructure needs rather than rail development. The measure modifies the legal framework governing how the Special Transportation Fund can be utilized, creating a clear restriction on spending priorities for this particular revenue stream.

This bill proposes a constitutional amendment to limit annual state spending growth to one percent per year for six years. It requires all state budget appropriations to be specific dollar amounts (not general language) and creates a "Revenue Responsibility Fund" for revenue exceeding two percent of the estimated annual revenue. The fund must first be used to pay down the state's unfunded public employee pension liabilities, and only if those liabilities are fully covered can the fund be used for emergencies or to reduce property taxes with a two-thirds legislative vote. This directly affects state budgeting decisions and public employee pension obligations.

This bill reduces New Jersey's tax rate on cider and low-alcohol beverages to match the beer tax rate. Currently, cider (3.2%-7% alcohol by volume) is taxed at $0.15 per gallon, while beer pays $0.12 per gallon. The bill lowers cider's tax to $0.12/gallon and also reduces the tax on low-alcohol liquors (<9.9% ABV) from $5.50/gallon to $0.12/gallon. This change directly affects cider producers, beverage manufacturers selling low-alcohol products, and state revenue from these specific alcohol categories. The tax adjustment aims to align treatment between similar products without altering broader alcohol tax structures.

This bill allows business owners in New Jersey to exclude capital gains tax from selling company shares to employee ownership structures, specifically benefiting small businesses (under 500 employees, not publicly traded, with NJ headquarters). To qualify, the sale must transfer ownership to an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), a NJ S-corp owned by an ESOP, or a worker-owned cooperative, with employees gaining at least 30% ownership after the transaction. The tax exclusion requires pre-approval from the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (NJEDA), which verifies the deal will retain full-time NJ jobs and yield a net economic benefit to the state (measured by retained tax revenue and reduced unemployment claims). It aims to incentivize small business owners to sell to employees instead of outside buyers, preserving local jobs and state tax revenue.

This bill amends New Jersey's transportation funding law to specifically exclude passenger and freight rail projects from using revenue generated by increases in the petroleum products gross receipts tax (established by P.L.2016, c.57). It prevents state funds from this tax source from being allocated to any rail-related transportation projects, including passenger rail service or freight rail service. The change directly affects rail project funding by restricting the use of this specific tax revenue stream. The amendment is part of a broader update to the Special Transportation Fund rules, ensuring rail projects cannot access this particular tax revenue.