S 2028, the Supporting Apprenticeship Colleges Act of 2025, provides federal grants to colleges offering construction and manufacturing apprenticeships to expand student recruitment and support services. It creates two grant programs: (1) community outreach grants (max $500,000 per college) to connect with high schools, employers in rural areas, and workforce boards - prioritizing rural, first-generation, minority, and nontraditional students; and (2) student support grants (max $500,000 per college) for advising, mental health services, childcare, and career development to improve program retention and completion. The bill authorizes $5 million annually (2026-2030) for these programs, targeting colleges that sponsor registered apprenticeships in construction or manufacturing. It directly affects eligible apprenticeship colleges by funding specific activities to grow enrollment and support underrepresented students in these fields.
The Patriots Over Politics Act (HR 3619) allows veterans discharged between August 2021 and January 2023 solely for refusing a COVID-19 vaccine to transfer their earned educational benefits to eligible dependents. Veterans must initiate the transfer within 90 days of the bill’s enactment. Dependents can use the transferred benefits only after the veteran completed at least six years of military service - a requirement already met by these veterans prior to separation. This provision directly affects veterans separated for vaccine refusal during the specified period, providing a pathway to pass on unused education benefits.
This bill modernizes S corporation tax treatment with several key changes. It increases the passive investment income limit from 25% to 60% and removes excessive passive income as a termination event, making it easier for S corporations to maintain their status. The bill also allows nonresident aliens and IRAs to be shareholders, and creates a deduction for shareholders who inherit S corporation stock, allowing them to amortize built-in gains over 15 years. These changes aim to make S corporations more flexible and attractive for business owners and investors.
HR 3860, the "No Passports for Terrorists and Traffickers Act," denies or revokes U.S. passports for individuals charged with or convicted of providing material support to terrorism under federal law (18 U.S.C. §§2339A/B) or determined by the Secretary of State to have aided designated foreign terrorist organizations. It directly affects people meeting these criteria by preventing passport issuance or requiring passport cancellation, though limited exceptions allow return travel to the U.S. or humanitarian travel. Key mechanisms include the Secretary of State’s authority to act, a 60-day appeal process for affected individuals, and mandatory reports to Congress on each denial or revocation. The bill explicitly excludes medicine and religious materials from its definition of "material support," which covers items like money, training, transportation, or weapons. This law changes passport policy for specific terrorism-related cases without altering broader constitutional rights.
This bill would require the Attorney General to annually identify state or local governments that fail to comply with federal immigration cooperation laws, such as sharing immigration status information or honoring detainer requests. Jurisdictions found non-compliant would lose eligibility for all federal financial assistance (including grants and programs) for at least one year. The law mandates annual reports to Congress and allows any member of Congress to request compliance reports on specific jurisdictions. It directly affects cities, counties, and states that do not follow federal immigration enforcement directives.
HR 3870, the COAL POWER Act, repeals a specific Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule issued on May 7, 2024, which set emission standards for coal- and oil-fired power plants. This bill directly affects coal and oil-fired electric utilities by removing their requirement to comply with that particular EPA regulation (89 Fed. Reg. 38508). The key mechanism is a straightforward repeal, treating the rule as if it never took effect. The bill does not create new rules or alter existing environmental standards beyond this specific EPA action.
This bill would make non-citizens deportable if they incite or participate in riots during civil unrest involving assaults on law enforcement or military personnel, or destruction of public property, and who were unlawfully present, had DACA, or were lawful permanent residents at the time of the offense. It permanently bars such individuals from reentering the U.S. or accessing any relief from deportation, including asylum, cancellation of removal, or future DACA benefits. During declared emergencies (such as national disasters or state emergencies), the law mandates expedited removal and mandatory detention for those covered, with no discretion for enforcement.
HR 589, the FACE Act Repeal Act of 2025, would repeal a federal law (Section 248 of Title 18, U.S. Code) that prohibited obstructing access to reproductive health care facilities through physical means, intimidation, or violence. This repeal would eliminate the federal criminal penalty for such conduct, meaning federal prosecutors could no longer charge individuals under this specific law. The bill applies to all pending or future federal prosecutions related to these actions. It does not affect state laws that may still regulate access to reproductive health care facilities.
This bill prohibits males from participating in athletic programs or activities at the U.S. Military Academy, Naval Academy, and Air Force Academy that are designated for women or girls. It requires the Secretary of Defense to ensure these academies do not allow male participants in such women-focused teams. However, males may train or practice with these teams if no female loses a roster spot, competition opportunity, scholarship, or other benefit. The bill defines "sex" as a person's reproductive biology and genetics at birth, and "athletic programs" as any team-based activity with conditional participation. The law directly affects athletic team composition at these three military service academies.
HR 3843, the Baseload Reliability Protection Act, prohibits the retirement or fuel-source conversion of certain large, reliable power plants (over 25 megawatts, not relying on intermittent renewables like solar/wind without storage) in areas designated as high or elevated risk for electricity shortages. It directly affects power plant operators in these high-risk regions, requiring them to maintain existing facilities unless they qualify for an exemption. Exemptions can be granted if operators demonstrate financial hardship, safety risks, or prove they’ll replace the plant with a comparable reliable unit, with potential federal grants or loans from the Department of Energy to cover operational costs. The bill explicitly blocks consideration of greenhouse gas emissions in exemption decisions and mandates standardized risk assessment criteria for identifying high-risk areas.
Protection for Reservation Occupants against Trafficking and Evasive Communications Today Act of 2025 or the PROTECT Act of 2025 This bill expands special tribal criminal jurisdiction (STCJ) to include certain controlled substance-related offenses and firearms offenses. It also allows tribal courts to execute warrants for electronic material. STCJ allows participating tribes to investigate, prosecute, convict, and sentence both Indian and non-Indian offenders who commit covered crimes in Indian country against Indian victims. Covered crimes currently include assault of tribal justice personnel, child violence, dating violence, domestic violence, obstruction of justice, sexual violence, sex trafficking, stalking, and a violation of a protection order. The bill expands STCJ to allow participating tribes to prosecute individuals for controlled substance-related offenses (i.e., drug trafficking, unlawful drug possession, or unlawful possession of drug paraphernalia) and firearms offenses (i.e., use or possession of a firearm in furtherance of a covered crime or by a person who has been convicted of domestic violence). Additionally, the bill allows participating tribes to exercise STCJ over a controlled substance-related offense or a firearms offense if neither the defendant nor the alleged victim is an Indian. (Currently, this exception only applies in cases of obstruction of justice or assault of tribal justice personnel.) The bill allows offenders convicted pursuant to STCJ to be incarcerated through the Bureau of Prisons Tribal Prisoner Program. The bill gives tribal courts the same authority as state courts to compel service providers to disclose stored electronic communication information through court-issued warrants, court orders, or administrative subpoenas.
HR 3773 (PROTECT Act of 2025) amends federal law to recognize tribal courts as having authority equivalent to state courts for certain electronic evidence cases. It requires that warrants for electronic communications stored 180 days or less must follow procedures from the Indian Civil Rights Act (25 U.S.C. 1302(a)(2)) when issued by tribal courts. The bill also expands tribal jurisdiction over controlled substance offenses (like drug trafficking or possession) and firearms offenses (such as possession by domestic violence offenders) by defining these terms for tribal courts. This directly affects tribal courts and tribal law enforcement by standardizing legal procedures for evidence handling and broadening their authority under federal law. The changes align tribal court processes with federal and state standards for digital evidence and criminal jurisdiction.
