HB 923 Virginia House of Delegates · 2026 Regular Session

Protection of employees; stay or pay contracts prohibited, civil penalty.

Summary
Protection of employees; stay or pay contracts prohibited; civil penalty. Prohibits an employer from entering into, enforcing, or threatening to enforce a stay or pay contract, as defined in the bill, with any employee, with certain exceptions described. An employer that violates the bill's provisions is subject to a civil penalty of $1,000. The bill allows an employee to bring a civil action against an employer or other person that attempts to enforce a stay or pay contract and to seek appropriate relief, including enjoining the conduct of any person or employer, ordering payment of liquidated damages, and awarding lost compensation, damages, and reasonable attorney fees and costs. The bill provides that if the court finds a violation of the bill's provisions, the plaintiff is entitled to recover reasonable costs, including reasonable fees for expert witnesses, and attorney fees.
Bill status died 3 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2026
Committee Review
Mar 2026
House of Delegates Passage
Feb 2026
Senate Passage
Governor
Introduced Jan 13, 2026 Last action Mar 9, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

Commerce and Labor Substitute Engrossed · 5 edits · Feb 9, 2026
MODERATE
The bill was amended to clarify definitions, narrow exemptions for training and bonus contracts, and increase the civil penalty for violations. These changes aim to provide clearer guidance on what constitutes a prohibited 'stay or pay' contract while strengthening enforcement measures.
Scope change
The bill's scope was narrowed by removing specific government agencies from the list of recognized apprenticeship programs and simplifying the criteria for tuition and bonus repayment contracts.
DEFINITION

The definition of 'transferable credential' was simplified to require only that the credential be offered by an accredited third-party institution, removing references to employer-established programs.

ELIGIBILITY

Exemptions for apprenticeship and tuition contracts were narrowed; the list of recognized apprenticeship programs was shortened, and tuition contracts now have stricter rules on repayment formulas and acceleration clauses.

The exemption for discretionary monetary payments (bonuses) was reduced by removing the specific list of payment types and changing the termination conditions to allow repayment if the employee leaves voluntarily.

ENFORCEMENT

The civil penalty for violating the bill was increased from $1,000 to $10,000 per violation, with the final amount left for legislative selection.

REQUIREMENT

The requirement for a five-day review period for bonus contracts was retained, but the conditions under which repayment is required were tightened to include voluntary resignation.

Floor votes · House of Delegates Feb 9, 2026

How they voted

5234
Passed · 2 other
Total votes 88
Feb 9, 2026
D Democratic53
52 Yea 1
98% Yea
R Republican35
34 Nay 1
97% Nay
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
16
Key actions
6
Committee
8
Amendments
2
Mar 9, 2026
Committee
Failed to report from Commerce and Labor with substitute (6-Y 9-N)
upper
Mar 9, 2026
Upper · Passed
Senate committee offered
upper
Feb 10, 2026
Committee
Referred to Committee on Commerce and Labor
upper
Feb 9, 2026
Lower · Passed
Read third time and passed House (63-Y 35-N 0-A)
lower
Feb 6, 2026
Introduced
Engrossed by House as amended
lower
Feb 6, 2026
Lower · Passed
committee amendments agreed to
lower
Feb 3, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported from Labor and Commerce with amendment(s) (16-Y 6-N)
lower
Jan 29, 2026
Lower · Passed
Subcommittee recommends reporting with amendment(s) (6-Y 1-N)
lower
Jan 29, 2026
Lower · Passed
House subcommittee offered
lower
Jan 22, 2026
Committee
Assigned HCL sub: Subcommittee #2
lower
Jan 13, 2026
Committee
Referred to Committee on Labor and Commerce
lower
1 primary · 0 co-sponsors

Sponsors

Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Photo of Alfonso Lopez
Alfonso Lopez
DDemocratic
VA
3