Synthetic digital content; definition, penalty, report, effective clause.
Summary
Synthetic digital content; penalty; work group. Expands the applicability of provisions related to defamation, slander, and libel to include synthetic digital content, defined in the bill. The bill makes it a Class 1 misdemeanor for any person to use any synthetic digital content for the purpose of committing any criminal offense involving fraud, constituting a separate and distinct offense with punishment separate and apart from any punishment received for the commission of the primary criminal offense. The bill also authorizes the individual depicted in the synthetic digital content to bring a civil action against the person who violates such prohibition to recover actual damages, reasonable attorney fees, and such other relief as the court determines to be appropriate. The bill directs the Attorney General to convene a work group to study and make recommendations on the current enforcement of laws related to the use of synthetic digital content, including deepfakes, and any further action needed to address the issue of such use in fraudulent acts. The substantive provisions of the bill do not become effective unless reenacted by the 2026 Session of the General Assembly and the provisions directing the Attorney General to convene a work group become effective in due course. This bill is identical to HB 2124.
Bill status
signed
all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Feb 2025
Senate Passage
Feb 2025
House of Delegates Passage
Feb 2025
Signed into Law
Mar 2025
Introduced Jan 7, 2025
Signed Mar 24, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 5 comparisons
What changed between versions
Courts of Justice Subcommittee Substitute
→
Chaptered
·
2 edits
MINOR
This bill was converted from a House substitute version to a chaptered (enacted) version with minor formatting adjustments. The substantive policy content remains identical, establishing new laws around synthetic digital content (deepfakes), creating a work group to study enforcement issues, and making the law effective only if reenacted in 2026.
Scope change
No substantive scope change; the bill's applicability and provisions remain the same between versions.
TECHNICAL
Removed House substitute metadata headers and added chaptered bill formatting including chapter number, approval date, and page numbering.
TIMELINE
Added a sunset provision requiring reenactment in the 2026 session for the law to remain effective.
Floor votes · Senate Jan 21, 2025 · House of Delegates Feb 13, 2025
How they voted
40–0
Passed
Total votes 40
Jan 21, 2025
D
Democratic21
100% Yea
R
Republican19
100% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea
All Nay
Mixed
No data
Full legislative history
Actions timeline
Total actions
41
Key actions
11
Committee
5
Amendments
6
Mar 24, 2025
Signed into law
Approved by Governor-Chapter 407 (Effective - see bill)
executive
Feb 20, 2025
Upper · Passed
Signed by President
upper
Feb 18, 2025
Lower · Passed
Signed by Speaker
lower
Feb 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB1053ER)
upper
Feb 13, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed House (89-Y 8-N)
lower
Feb 10, 2025
Lower · Passed
Reported from Courts of Justice (22-Y 0-N)
lower
Feb 4, 2025
Committee
Assigned Courts sub: Criminal
lower
Feb 4, 2025
Committee
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
lower
Jan 23, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed Senate (39-Y 0-N)
upper
Jan 23, 2025
Introduced
Reengrossed by Senate as amended
upper
Jan 23, 2025
Upper · Passed
Amendment by Senator Ebbin, Adam P. agreed to
upper
Jan 23, 2025
Introduced
Reading of amendment waived
upper
Jan 22, 2025
Introduced
Engrossed by Senate as amended SB1053E
upper
Jan 22, 2025
Upper · Passed
Courts of Justice Amendment agreed to
upper
Jan 22, 2025
Introduced
Reading of amendment waived
upper
Jan 21, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed by for the day
upper
Jan 20, 2025
Upper · Passed
Reported from Courts of Justice with amendment (15-Y 0-N)
upper
Jan 7, 2025
Committee
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
upper
1 primary · 0 co-sponsors
Sponsors
Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Adam Ebbin
DDemocratic
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