HR 4371 United States House · 119th Congress

Kayla Hamilton Act

The Kayla Hamilton Act amends rules for placing unaccompanied immigrant children under 12 in foster care. It requires the Health and Human Services Secretary to contact the child's country of origin for criminal records, check for gang-related tattoos/markings, and place children with gang ties in secure facilities. The bill also mandates detailed background checks for host families, including immigration status, criminal history, and sex offender registry checks, before placement. These changes directly affect unaccompanied immigrant children in federal custody and the agencies managing their placements. The law aims to strengthen safeguards during the placement process without altering existing trafficking prevention programs.
Bill status passed 3 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jul 2025
Committee Review
Dec 2025
House Passage
Dec 2025
Senate Passage
President
Introduced Jul 14, 2025 Last action Dec 17, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 1 comparison

What changed between versions

Introduced in House Engrossed in House · 10 edits · Dec 16, 2025
MAJOR
The Engrossed version of HR 4371 (Kayla Hamilton Act) significantly expands the bill's scope from primarily trafficking-related protections to a comprehensive framework governing placement and custody determinations for unaccompanied alien children. It adds mandatory pre-placement consultations, requires secure facility placement for children 12 or older with gang markings or criminal histories, prohibits release on own recognizance, and bars placement with non-citizens or individuals with broad categories of criminal convictions. New provisions also exempt the implementing agencies from the Paperwork Reduction Act and Administrative Procedure Act to allow immediate implementation.
SCOPE

New Section 2 amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Director of the Office of Refugee Resettlement to make placement determinations in accordance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act, formally linking the two statutory frameworks.

REQUIREMENT

Changed 'may consider' to 'shall consider' for consultations, making interagency coordination mandatory rather than discretionary before any placement decision.

Added a new 'Safe and secure placements' framework requiring HHS to consult with DHS and the Attorney General before placing any unaccompanied alien child, specifically to assess flight risk, danger to self or others, and criminal history in the U.S. or home country.

Added mandatory screening for gang-related tattoos and markings, plus requirement to obtain arrest records, pending charges, and conviction documents from the child's consulate or embassy for children 12 years of age or older.

Added mandatory secure facility placement for unaccompanied alien children 12 or older who are a flight risk, a danger to self/others/community (including those with gang markings, serious criminal convictions, aggravated felonies, or any gang-related arrest record, pending charge, proceeding, or conviction in the U.S. or home country).

ELIGIBILITY

Added a blanket prohibition on releasing any unaccompanied alien child on their own recognizance.

Added detailed prohibitions on placing children with individuals who are not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents, or who have been convicted of (or reside with someone convicted of) sex offenses, trafficking crimes, domestic violence, child abuse, murder, child pornography, aggravated felonies, any felony, any crime punishable by more than one year, or any offense designated by the Attorney General in their 'sole and unreviewable discretion.'

TECHNICAL

Added a severability clause (Section 4) stating that if any provision is held invalid, it should be construed to give maximum effect or severed without affecting the rest of the Act.

ENFORCEMENT

Added Section 5 exempting DHS, HHS, State, and the Attorney General from compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act and Administrative Procedure Act if they determine such compliance would impede immediate implementation.

TIMELINE

Added Section 6 specifying the Act takes effect on the date of enactment and applies to all pending or future release and custody determinations for unaccompanied alien children, as well as all release redeterminations.

Floor votes · House Dec 16, 2025

How they voted

225201
Passed · 7 other
Total votes 433
Dec 16, 2025
D Democratic213
7 Yea 201 Nay 5
94% Nay
I Independent1
1 Yea
100% Yea
R Republican219
217 Yea 2
99% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
22
Key actions
7
Committee
5
Amendments
2
Dec 16, 2025
Introduced
The title of the measure was amended. Agreed to without objection.
lower
Dec 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 225 - 201 (Roll no. 340). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H5921-5922)
lower
Dec 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 225 - 201 (Roll no. 340). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H5921-5922)
lower
Dec 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Ms. Stansbury moved to recommit to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR H5927)
lower
Dec 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Rule H. Res. 951 passed House.
lower
Dec 16, 2025
Lower · Passed
Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 951 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4776, H.R. 1366, H.R. 845, H.R. 3616, H.R. 3632 and H.R. 4371. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4776, under a structured rule and H.R. 1366, H.R. 845, H.R. 3616, H.R. 3632, and H.R. 4371 under a closed rule. The resolution provides one motion to recommit on each bill.
lower
Oct 17, 2025
Lower · Passed
Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-345.
lower
Sep 10, 2025
Introduced
Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 13.
lower
Sep 10, 2025
Lower · Passed
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
lower
Jul 14, 2025
Committee
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
lower
Jul 14, 2025
Introduced
Introduced in House
lower
1 primary · 2 co-sponsors

Sponsors