Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2025

The Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2025 would add 2,000 new residency positions annually from 2026 through 2032 (14,000 total), distributed to hospitals that meet specific criteria. The bill prioritizes distribution to rural hospitals, hospitals serving health professional shortage areas, and hospitals with accredited rural training tracks, while requiring hospitals to train at least 25% of residents in primary care and general surgery. Hospitals can receive up to 75 additional residency positions over the 7-year period, and the legislation also creates a new program to fund rural residency programs with $12.7 million annually from 2026-2030. The bill directly affects hospitals participating in medical residency training programs, particularly those in underserved areas seeking to expand their training capacity. It also includes provisions for a study on increasing diversity in the health workforce and technical assistance for rural residency programs.