HR 3638 United States House · 119th Congress

Electric Supply Chain Act

HR 3638, the Electric Supply Chain Act, requires the U.S. Energy Secretary to conduct regular assessments of vulnerabilities in the electricity generation and transmission supply chain. These assessments must cover risks like foreign material dependencies, manufacturing barriers in the U.S., national security concerns, and workforce challenges, with input from utilities, manufacturers, and other stakeholders. The Secretary must submit annual reports to Congress detailing findings and recommendations to strengthen domestic supply chains. This law does not change electricity production or transmission but establishes a framework for monitoring and addressing supply chain risks.

Bill status passed 3 of 5 stages cleared

Introduction

May 2025

Committee Review

Dec 2025

House Passage

Dec 2025

Senate Passage

President

Introduced May 29, 2025 Last action Dec 15, 2025

Maddy AI version diff · 1 comparison

What changed between versions

Introduced in House → Engrossed in House · 5 edits · Dec 11, 2025

MODERATE

The Engrossed version of HR 3638 expands the scope of periodic supply chain assessments required of the Secretary of Energy in several ways: it adds focus on advanced transmission technologies (such as advanced conductors), introduces a national security concern about foreign entities exploiting supply chain disruptions to undermine US leadership in AI development, broadens the barriers analysis to include delivery and installation (not just manufacturing), and adds two entirely new assessment topics - vulnerabilities from non-US citizen employment at power facilities and opportunities for veteran and military spouse workforce participation.

SCOPE

Sections (A) and (B) now require assessments to specifically address advanced transmission technologies, including advanced conductors and other technologies that increase transfer capacity, efficiency, affordability, reliability, or resiliency of transmission infrastructure.

Section (D)(i) expands the barriers analysis from just 'manufacture' components to 'manufacture, deliver, and install' components, broadening the scope of what must be assessed.

REQUIREMENT

Section (C) now requires the assessment to include efforts by any foreign entity of concern to exploit supply chain disruptions for the purpose of undermining US leadership in artificial intelligence development.

New section (H) requires the assessment to identify any vulnerabilities from the employment of non-US citizens at facilities in the United States that generate or transmit electricity.

New section (I) requires the assessment to identify opportunities to expand workforce participation by veterans, transitioning servicemembers, and military spouses, including barriers to entry and opportunities for enhanced Federal coordination.

Floor votes · House Dec 11, 2025

How they voted

267–159

Passed · 7 other

Total votes 433

Dec 11, 2025

D Democratic213

51 Yea 159 Nay 3

74% Nay

I Independent1

1 Yea

100% Yea

R Republican219

215 Yea 4

98% Yea

Vote distribution

All Yea All Nay Mixed No data

Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions

Key actions

Committee

Dec 15, 2025

Committee

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

upper

Dec 11, 2025

Lower · Passed

On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 267 - 159 (Roll no. 324).

lower

Dec 11, 2025

Lower · Passed

Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 267 - 159 (Roll no. 324).

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

The House adopted the amendments en gros as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

The House rose from the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union to report H.R. 3638.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 936, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Self amendment No. 5.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 936, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Min amendment No. 4.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 936, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the McGuire amendment No. 3.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 936, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Min amendment No. 2.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 936, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Gosar amendment No. 1.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

GENERAL DEBATE - The Committee of the Whole proceeded with one hour of general debate on H.R. 3638.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

The Speaker designated the Honorable James C. Moylan to act as Chairman of the Committee.

lower

Dec 10, 2025

Lower · Passed

House resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union pursuant to H. Res. 936 and Rule XVIII.

lower

Dec 9, 2025

Lower · Passed

Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 936 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 3898, H.R. 3383, H.R. 3638, H.R. 3628, H.R. 3668 and S. 1071. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 3898, H.R. 3383, H.R. 3638, and H.R. 3628 under a structured rule; and H.R. 3668 and S. 1071 under a closed rule. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 3898, H.R. 3383, H.R. 3638, H.R. 3628, and H.R. 3668; and one motion to commit on S. 1071.

lower

Nov 25, 2025

Lower · Passed

Supplemental report filed by the Committee on Energy and Commerce, H. Rept. 119-304, Part II.

lower

Sep 19, 2025

Lower · Passed

Reported by the Committee on Energy and Commerce. H. Rept. 119-304.

lower

Jun 25, 2025

Lower · Passed

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

lower

Jun 5, 2025

Lower · Passed

Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee by Voice Vote.

lower

Jun 5, 2025

Lower · Passed

Subcommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

lower

Jun 3, 2025

Committee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Energy.

lower

May 29, 2025

Committee

Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.

lower

May 29, 2025

Introduced

Introduced in House

lower

1 primary · 2 co-sponsors