Treatment Court, Rehabilitation, and Recovery Act of 2023

S 2593 (Treatment Court, Rehabilitation, and Recovery Act of 2023) creates a federal grant program to establish or enhance specialized courts addressing substance use disorders. It directly affects individuals in the justice system with substance use disorders who meet strict eligibility criteria (e.g., no violent offenses, diagnosed by a professional), including those in juvenile drug courts, family treatment courts, tribal healing courts, impaired driving courts, and adult drug courts. The bill requires grantees (states, localities, tribes) to use evidence-based treatment - including medication for addiction - provide equitable access, collect data to prevent disparities, and report on program outcomes. It mandates that participants' costs be based on ability to pay and limits federal funding to 75% of program costs. The law also requires national evaluation of treatment court effectiveness by the Department of Justice.