Supercritical Geothermal Research and Development Act

This bill establishes a federal program to advance research and development of supercritical geothermal energy, which harnesses underground heat at temperatures above 374°C (supercritical conditions) for power generation. It requires the Department of Energy to create a public data repository for geothermal information - including data from mining and fossil fuel operations - and commission deep drilling projects (deeper than 8 kilometers) to map heat resources nationwide. The bill authorizes $5 million annually (2026-2030) for research on key areas like well completion, materials, and sensors, and directs the creation of a national geothermal center of excellence through competitive grants to universities and national labs. It also mandates reports on water use and progress to Congress, focusing on commercializing supercritical geothermal systems.