Fueling Alternative Transportation with a Carbon Aviation Tax Act of 2023

HR 4760 imposes a new federal fuel tax on private jet aviation, increasing the rate to 35.9 cents per gallon plus $1.589 per gallon (up from previous rates), directly affecting private jet operators and manufacturers. The tax revenue funds a new "Funding to Support Clean Communities Trust Fund," which allocates 100% of these revenues to clean air initiatives, including air monitoring in disadvantaged communities and public transit improvements within 20 miles of airports. Exceptions apply for emergency uses like disaster evacuations or medical aid, and the fund requires at least 50% of spending to target environmental justice communities disproportionately impacted by air pollution. The tax and fund mechanisms take effect January 1, 2024, with annual inflation adjustments for the tax rate.