Bonding Reform and Taxpayer Protection Act of 2023

The Bonding Reform and Taxpayer Protection Act of 2023 requires oil and gas operators on federal lands and National Wildlife Refuge System lands to provide financial assurances (bonds) before starting surface-disturbing activities to cover reclamation costs. It sets minimum bond amounts of $150,000 per activity or $500,000 per state (adjusted for inflation), and mandates both interim and final reclamation plans for all operations. The bill also establishes a $0.10 per barrel fee on oil and gas production from federal lands to fund orphaned well plugging and reclamation, and creates annual inspection fees based on the number of wells (ranging from $700 to $9,800 annually). These provisions aim to ensure taxpayers aren't left bearing the cost of reclamation when operators fail to meet their obligations.