Primacy Certainty Act of 2023

This bill sets strict deadlines for the EPA to review state applications for primary control over Class VI wells (used for underground carbon storage). It requires the EPA to approve state programs automatically if no decision is made within 210 days (180 days for review plus 30 days), unless the EPA provides a detailed written explanation of delays. States must already have authority over other well types to qualify for automatic approval. The bill also prohibits the EPA from adding new conditions to state applications and mandates regular reporting on staffing needs for implementation. It applies to all new state submissions after enactment and resets timelines for pending applications.