To establish an Office of Colonia Affairs within the Department of Agriculture, and for other purposes.

HR 2740 establishes a new Office of Colonia Affairs within the USDA to specifically support unincorporated border communities (called "colonias") in Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas near the U.S.-Mexico border. The office will provide technical assistance about federal programs, advise the Secretary on colonia issues, and submit biennial reports to Congress on infrastructure needs and recommendations for improvement. It directly affects colonias defined by the bill as communities lacking basic infrastructure like potable water, sewage systems, and safe housing within 150 miles of the border (excluding large metro areas). The bill creates a dedicated federal resource to coordinate assistance but does not alter existing programs or funding.