Temporary income tax credit for the purchase and installation of solar energy systems authorization

SF 441 creates a temporary income tax credit for Minnesotans who install solar energy systems. Homeowners can claim up to $2,500 (15% of costs in 2025, decreasing to 11% by 2027), while businesses can claim up to $15,000 per property. The credit applies to solar photovoltaic systems, water heaters, and thermal systems under 40 kilowatts, placed in service between 2025 and 2028. The program expires January 1, 2029, and refunds excess credit if it exceeds tax liability.