AB 91 California Assembly · 2025-2026 Regular Session

State and local agencies: demographic data.

Summary
Existing law requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major Asian and Pacific Islander group and to include that data in every demographic report published on or after July 1, 2012, as specified. This bill would, commencing January 1, 2028, require state and local agencies, as defined, that collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for major Middle Eastern or North African groups, as specified, and, with certain exceptions, to include that data in every demographic report published on or after January 1, 2029, and to make the aggregated data available to the public. Existing constitutional provisions require that a statute that limits the right of access to the meetings of public bodies or the writings of public officials and agencies be adopted with findings demonstrating the interest protected by the limitation and the need for protecting that interest. This bill would make legislative findings to that effect. The bill would include findings that changes proposed by this bill address a matter of statewide concern rather than a municipal affair and, therefore, apply to all cities, including charter cities. The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement. This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Aug 2025
Assembly Passage
Jun 2025
Senate Passage
Sep 2025
Signed into Law
Oct 2025
Introduced Jan 6, 2025 Signed Oct 6, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 9 comparisons

What changed between versions

08/29/25 - Amended Senate 09/04/25 - Amended Senate · 6 edits · Sep 4, 2025
MODERATE
The September 4 amendment to AB 91 (MENA Inclusion Act) pushes back key compliance dates by one year, changes the definition of 'state agency,' removes a request that the University of California comply with the law, and adds an operative date provision. The most significant change is the one-year delay in when state and local agencies must begin using separate Middle Eastern and North African demographic collection categories (from January 1, 2027 to January 1, 2028) and when reports must include that data (from January 1, 2028 to January 1, 2029).
Scope change
The effective scope narrowed slightly: the University of California is no longer even requested to comply (previously it was excluded from the definition but the Legislature made a formal request for UC compliance). The one-year delay in operative dates effectively gives agencies more time before any obligation begins.
TIMELINE

The date agencies must begin using separate MENA collection categories was delayed from January 1, 2027 to January 1, 2028.

The date demographic reports must include MENA data was delayed from January 1, 2028 to January 1, 2029.

A new operative date provision was added stating the section shall become operative January 1, 2028.

DEFINITION

The definition of 'state agency' was changed. It no longer references Section 11000 of the Government Code and no longer explicitly includes the California State University. Instead it is defined as a state agency, office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, or commission. CSU and UC remain excluded via a separate provision.

SCOPE

The provision requesting that the University of California comply with the section was removed entirely.

TECHNICAL

Senator Cervantes was added as a coauthor of the bill.

Floor votes · Senate Sep 11, 2025 · Assembly Jun 3, 2025

How they voted

400
Passed
Total votes 40
Sep 11, 2025
D Democratic30
30 Yea
100% Yea
R Republican10
10 Yea
100% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
34
Key actions
13
Committee
11
Amendments
10
Oct 6, 2025
Signed into law
Approved by the Governor.
legislature
Sep 12, 2025
Lower · Passed
Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. (Ayes 80. Noes 0. Page 3367.).
lower
Sep 12, 2025
Introduced
In Assembly. Concurrence in Senate amendments pending.
lower
Sep 11, 2025
Upper · Passed
Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Assembly. (Ayes 40. Noes 0. Page 2932.).
upper
Sep 4, 2025
Upper · Passed
Read third time and amended. Ordered to second reading.
upper
Aug 29, 2025
Upper · Passed
Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.
upper
Aug 29, 2025
Introduced
From committee: Amend, and do pass as amended. (Ayes 7. Noes 0.) (August 29).
upper
Aug 18, 2025
Committee
In committee: Referred to suspense file.
upper
Jul 9, 2025
Upper · Passed
From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 13. Noes 0.) (July 8). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
upper
Jun 24, 2025
Upper · Passed
From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on JUD. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 15. Noes 0.) (June 24). Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
upper
Jun 17, 2025
Introduced
From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on G.O.
upper
Jun 11, 2025
Committee
Referred to Coms. on G.O. and JUD.
upper
Jun 3, 2025
Assembly · Passed
Assembly Vote: pass (78-0)
assembly
Jun 2, 2025
Lower · Passed
Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 79. Noes 0. Page 1897.)
lower
May 23, 2025
Lower · Passed
Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.
lower
May 23, 2025
Introduced
From committee: Amend, and do pass as amended. (Ayes 11. Noes 0.) (May 23).
lower
May 7, 2025
Committee
In committee: Set, first hearing. Referred to APPR. suspense file.
lower
Apr 8, 2025
Lower · Passed
From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 12. Noes 0.) (April 8). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
lower
Mar 24, 2025
Lower · Passed
In committee: Set, first hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.
lower
Mar 24, 2025
Committee
Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
lower
Mar 20, 2025
Introduced
From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to Com. on JUD. Read second time and amended.
lower
Mar 18, 2025
Committee
Re-referred to Com. on JUD.
lower
Mar 17, 2025
Introduced
From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to Com. on JUD. Read second time and amended.
lower
Mar 10, 2025
Committee
Referred to Com. on JUD.
lower
Jan 7, 2025
Lower · Passed
From printer. May be heard in committee February 6.
lower
1 primary · 11 co-sponsors

Sponsors