Establishing new sources of transportation revenue based on motor vehicle use of public roadways.

SB 5726 establishes a per-mile road usage fee to replace declining fuel tax revenue as vehicles become more fuel-efficient. It creates a voluntary program for electric/hybrid vehicles (starting July 2027) and mandates the fee for all vehicles by 2035, phased in based on fuel economy (e.g., all EVs required starting 2029, internal combustion engines with ≥40 MPG required starting 2031). The fee replaces existing registration and electrification fees for enrolled vehicles, maintaining current revenue levels for road maintenance and transportation systems. The bill explicitly requires privacy protections for location data collected under the program.