Relating to criminal and civil liability related to sexually explicit media and artificial intimate visual material; creating a criminal offense; increasing a criminal penalty.
SB 441 creates civil liability for producing, soliciting, disclosing, or promoting AI-generated intimate visual material without a person's consent and with intent to harm. It specifically targets material that reveals the depicted person's identity (e.g., through facial recognition or unique features) and requires proof of actual harm. The law holds both creators of the material and owners of websites/social media platforms liable if they fail to remove such content after notice. This directly affects individuals whose images are used without consent in AI-generated intimate content, providing a legal path to seek damages for the harm caused.
Bill status
signed
all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Nov 2024
Committee Review
May 2025
Senate Passage
Jun 2025
House Passage
Jun 2025
Signed into Law
Jun 2025
Introduced Nov 21, 2024
Signed Jun 20, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons
What changed between versions
Engrossed
→
Enrolled
·
6 edits
·
Jun 20, 2025
MODERATE
This bill was transitioned from an 'Engrossed' draft version to the final 'Enrolled' version ready for signing into law. The substantive policy content regarding deep fake media laws remains largely the same, though the enrolled version includes additional clarifying definitions, expanded affirmative defenses for technology providers, and a specific effective date of September 1, 2025.
Scope change
The bill's scope remains focused on criminal and civil liability for the production, distribution, and promotion of deep fake media and artificial intimate visual material in Texas.
DEFINITION
The definition of 'Artificial intimate visual material' was expanded to include 'voice' as a distinguishing characteristic, broadening the scope of protected content beyond just visual likeness.
A new definition for 'Consent' was added, specifying it must be affirmative, conscious, voluntary, and made without coercion, fraud, or misrepresentation.
REQUIREMENT
New requirements were added for website and application owners to provide clear and conspicuous notices in plain language about the removal process for intimate visual material.
The removal timeline for intimate visual material was standardized to 72 hours from receipt of a removal request, replacing the previous 24-hour notification requirement.
ENFORCEMENT
New affirmative defenses were added for technology providers, including those who train AI systems to identify prohibited content, provide reporting tools, or filter prohibited content before it reaches users.
TIMELINE
A specific effective date of September 1, 2025, was added, establishing when the new laws will take effect.
Floor votes · House May 31, 2025
How they voted
This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history
Actions timeline
Total actions
82
Key actions
26
Committee
16
Amendments
10
Jun 20, 2025
Signed into law
Signed by the Governor
executive
Jun 2, 2025
Lower · Passed
Signed in the House
lower
Jun 2, 2025
Upper · Passed
Signed in the Senate
upper
May 31, 2025
Lower · Passed
House adopts conference committee report
lower
May 31, 2025
Upper · Passed
Senate adopts conference committee report
upper
May 31, 2025
House · Passed
House Vote: pass (88-33-25)
house
May 30, 2025
Lower · Passed
House grants request for conference committee
lower
May 28, 2025
Lower · Passed
Senate requests conference committee-reported
lower
May 28, 2025
Upper · Passed
Senate requests conference committee
upper
May 28, 2025
Introduced
House amendment(s) laid before the Senate
upper
May 27, 2025
Upper · Passed
House passage as amended reported
upper
May 27, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed as amended
lower
May 27, 2025
Lower · Passed
Amended
lower
May 27, 2025
Introduced
Amendment(s) offered
lower
May 26, 2025
Lower · Passed
Passed to 3rd reading as amended
lower
May 26, 2025
Lower · Passed
Amended
lower
May 21, 2025
Lower · Passed
Committee report sent to Calendars
lower
May 20, 2025
Lower · Passed
Committee report distributed
lower
May 14, 2025
Lower · Passed
Reported favorably as substituted
lower
Apr 30, 2025
Lower · Passed
Left pending in committee
lower
Apr 30, 2025
Lower · Passed
Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
lower
Apr 22, 2025
Committee
Referred to Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence
lower
Apr 22, 2025
Introduced
Read first time
lower
Mar 19, 2025
Introduced
Received from the Senate
lower
Mar 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed
upper
Mar 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed to engrossment as amended
upper
Mar 18, 2025
Upper · Passed
Amended
upper
Mar 18, 2025
Introduced
Amendment(s) offered
upper
Mar 6, 2025
Upper · Passed
Committee report printed and distributed
upper
Mar 6, 2025
Upper · Passed
Reported favorably w/o amendments
upper
Mar 4, 2025
Upper · Passed
Vote taken in committee
upper
Mar 4, 2025
Upper · Passed
Testimony taken in committee
upper
Feb 3, 2025
Committee
Referred to Criminal Justice
upper
Feb 3, 2025
Introduced
Read first time
upper
2 primary · 3 co-sponsors
Sponsors
Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Chuy Hinojosa
DDemocratic
P
Suleman Lalani
DDemocratic
Co
Brandon Creighton
RRepublican
Co
Royce West
DDemocratic
Co
Tan Parker
RRepublican
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