Railroads; requiring certain railroad trains to have two crew members aboard. Effective date. Emergency.

SB 86 requires all freight railroad trains operating in Oklahoma to have at least two certified crew members (such as engineers or conductors) aboard while moving. It exempts passenger trains, tourism rides, slow-moving trains under 30 mph with cabs, helper/hostler services, and loading/unloading at 10 mph. Violations carry fines starting at $250 for a first offense, increasing to $10,000 for repeat violations within three years. The law takes effect July 1, 2025, and is declared an emergency to address safety concerns. It directly affects freight railroad operators in Oklahoma, not passenger rail services or specific maintenance operations.