A 654 New York Assembly · 2025 Regular Session

Increases penalties for owners of rent-regulated property who overcharge tenants

This bill increases penalties for landlords who overcharge tenants in rent-regulated housing. If a landlord is found to have willfully overcharged, they must pay five times the overcharge amount (up from three times). Landlords can avoid the higher penalty by proving the overcharge was unintentional and not due to negligence, in which case they pay only the overcharge plus interest. The bill also clarifies that voluntary rent refunds after a complaint is filed cannot be used as evidence the overcharge was not willful.
Bill status in committee 1 of 4 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Floor Vote
Governor
Introduced Jan 8, 2025 Last action Jan 7, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

A654A A654B · 2 edits
MINOR
This bill version updates the penalty structure for landlords who illegally overcharge rent. It removes the distinction between first-time and repeat offenses, applying a single higher penalty of five times the overcharge amount to all cases. It also clarifies the calculation of penalties when an overcharge is not willful, ensuring interest is applied based on civil judgment rates.
Scope change
The bill's scope regarding penalty severity has increased; it now applies a uniform five-time multiplier to all overcharges, whereas the previous version distinguished between a three-time multiplier for first offenses and a ten-time multiplier for subsequent ones.
ENFORCEMENT

The penalty for overcharging rent was modified to remove the distinction between first and subsequent offenses. The bill now mandates a single penalty of five times the overcharge amount for all cases, replacing the previous tiered system of three times for first offenses and ten times for repeat offenses.

The calculation for penalties in negligence cases was modified to explicitly reference interest rates based on civil judgment laws, ensuring consistency with legal standards for interest accrual.

Floor votes

How they voted

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Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
11
Key actions
4
Committee
3
Amendments
4
Jun 5, 2025
Committee
REPORTED REFERRED TO RULES
lower
May 19, 2025
Committee
REPORTED REFERRED TO CODES
lower
May 7, 2025
Lower · Passed
PRINT NUMBER 654B
lower
May 7, 2025
Lower · Passed
AMEND AND RECOMMIT TO HOUSING
lower
Mar 24, 2025
Lower · Passed
PRINT NUMBER 654A
lower
Mar 24, 2025
Lower · Passed
AMEND (T) AND RECOMMIT TO HOUSING
lower
Jan 8, 2025
Committee
REFERRED TO HOUSING
lower
1 primary · 5 co-sponsors

Sponsors