HJR 173 Missouri House · 2026 Regular Session

Proposes a constitutional amendment relating to taxation

HJR 173 proposes a constitutional amendment to eliminate Missouri's state individual income tax by 2031 if specific revenue goals are met, requiring the legislature to set a tax rate below 1.4% for any tax year starting in 2031 or later. It also restricts expanding sales and use taxes to new services beyond what was taxed as of January 1, 2015, unless the expansion is explicitly tied to reducing the income tax. To offset revenue changes from any tax base expansion, local governments must adjust property taxes, earnings taxes, or sales tax rates by July 1, 2029, without reducing school funding. The amendment further mandates that sales tax rates be adjusted annually to maintain pre-2029 revenue levels, adjusted for inflation. This amendment requires voter approval before taking effect.
Bill status passed both 4 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2026
Committee Review
Apr 2026
House Passage
Apr 2026
Senate Passage
Apr 2026
Governor
Introduced Jan 21, 2026 Last action Apr 23, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 4 comparisons

What changed between versions

Senate Committee Substitute Senate Substitute (Senate Floor Substitute) · 6 edits
MODERATE
The bill was renumbered and reorganized to clarify its structure, but the core policy remains the same: it proposes repealing Missouri's income tax and replacing it with a system where sales taxes are expanded to fund the elimination of the income tax by 2032. The new version adds specific requirements that any sales tax expansion must be directly offset by an income tax cut in the same legislation and mandates that local governments reduce their own tax rates to compensate for the state's revenue shifts.
Scope change
The scope of the bill's requirements was expanded to explicitly link sales tax increases to income tax decreases in the same law and to mandate specific reductions in local property and earnings taxes.
TIMELINE

The deadline to eliminate the income tax was changed from January 1, 2032, to a flexible target of 'by January 1, 2032' based on revenue growth, rather than a fixed schedule.

REQUIREMENT

New rules require that any legislation expanding sales taxes must simultaneously reduce the top individual income tax rate by an equal amount in the same law.

Local governments are now required to reduce their own sales, property, and earnings tax rates by 97% of the additional revenue generated by the state's sales tax expansion.

A new provision prohibits local tax reductions from cutting funding to public schools.

DEFINITION

The definition of 'Rate of inflation' was updated to use a new baseline period starting July 1, 2025, instead of the previous 2026 start date.

TECHNICAL

New language clarifies that sales tax revenue generated for this purpose will be exempt from certain state revenue caps and debt limits.

Floor votes

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
52
Key actions
18
Committee
19
Apr 21, 2026
Lower · Passed
Truly Agreed To and Finally Passed - AYES: 95 NOES: 59 PRESENT: 0
lower
Apr 20, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported Do Pass (H) - AYES: 6 NOES: 2 PRESENT: 0
lower
Apr 20, 2026
Lower · Passed
Voted Do Pass (H)
lower
Apr 20, 2026
Committee
Referred: Fiscal Review(H)
lower
Apr 15, 2026
Upper · Passed
Third Read and Passed (S) - AYES: 18 NOES: 11 PRESENT: 0
upper
Apr 15, 2026
Upper · Passed
SS Adopted (S) - AYES: 18 NOES: 11 PRESENT: 0
upper
Apr 15, 2026
Introduced
SS Offered
lower
Apr 13, 2026
Upper · Passed
Reported Do Pass (S)
upper
Apr 13, 2026
Upper · Passed
Voted Do Pass (S)
upper
Apr 7, 2026
Committee
Referred: Fiscal Oversight(S)
upper
Apr 7, 2026
Upper · Passed
SCS Reported Do Pass (S)
upper
Apr 7, 2026
Upper · Passed
SCS Voted Do Pass (S)
upper
Mar 31, 2026
Upper · Passed
Public Hearing Scheduled (S) - Wednesday, April 1, 2026, 10:45 a.m., Senate Committee Report - 1st Floor
upper
Mar 23, 2026
Committee
Second read and referred: Economic and Workforce Development(S)
upper
Mar 12, 2026
Lower · Passed
Third Read and Passed (H) - AYES: 98 NOES: 54 PRESENT: 1
lower
Mar 12, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported Do Pass (H) - AYES: 6 NOES: 2 PRESENT: 0
lower
Mar 12, 2026
Lower · Passed
Voted Do Pass (H)
lower
Mar 11, 2026
Committee
Referred: Fiscal Review(H)
lower
Mar 10, 2026
Lower · Passed
HCS Adopted (H)
lower
Mar 5, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported Do Pass (H) - AYES: 9 NOES: 3 PRESENT: 0
lower
Mar 5, 2026
Lower · Passed
Voted Do Pass (H)
lower
Mar 4, 2026
Committee
Referred: Rules - Legislative(H)
lower
Mar 4, 2026
Lower · Passed
HCS Reported Do Pass (H) - AYES: 7 NOES: 3 PRESENT: 0
lower
Mar 4, 2026
Lower · Passed
HCS Voted Do Pass (H)
lower
Jan 22, 2026
Committee
Referred: Commerce(H)
lower
Jan 21, 2026
Introduced
Introduced and Read First Time (H)
lower
1 primary · 4 co-sponsors

Sponsors