Establishes the "Respect People's Abortion Decisions Act"

HB 581 repeals Missouri's current abortion law and replaces it with a new law that protects the right to terminate a pregnancy before fetal viability or when necessary to protect a person's life or health, as determined by a licensed physician. The bill defines key terms like "abortion," "viability," and "medical emergency" to clarify the scope of these protections. It also prohibits criminal prosecution for abortions performed under these conditions, directly affecting abortion providers, patients, and state enforcement of abortion regulations.