SB 685 Maryland Senate · 2025 Regular Session

Election Law - Local Boards of Elections - Language Assistance Program

SB 685 requires Maryland local election boards to provide language assistance to voters with limited English proficiency in counties meeting specific census-based thresholds. If a county has more than 2% of its voting-age population (with at least 100 people) sharing a non-English language and having limited English proficiency, the State Board of Elections must mandate assistance in that language. Local boards must then provide translated voting materials (forms, ballots, notices), multilingual signage at polling places, and recruit bilingual election judges. This applies to all elections starting January 1, 2026, and requires materials to be of equal quality and available simultaneously with English versions. The law does not require assistance for languages without sufficient voter demand as defined by the thresholds.
Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Apr 2025
Senate Passage
Apr 2025
House of Delegates Passage
Apr 2025
Signed into Law
May 2025
Introduced Jan 30, 2025 Signed May 6, 2025
Maddy AI version diff · 1 comparison

What changed between versions

First - Election Law - Local Boards of Elections - Language-Related Assistance Third - Election Law - Local Boards of Elections - Language Assistance Program · 7 edits
MODERATE
This bill was amended to rename the program from 'Language-Related Assistance' to 'Language Assistance Program' and to update the legal framework governing how Maryland local election boards provide language services to voters. The changes clarify the State Board of Elections' role in determining which languages require assistance and establish specific thresholds for when local boards must participate in the program.
Scope change
The bill's scope was expanded to explicitly create a formal 'Language Assistance Program' and clarify that local boards must participate if the State Board determines a significant need exists in a county for a language other than English.
DEFINITION

The title of the new section was changed from 'Language-Related Assistance' to 'Language Assistance Program' to better reflect the formalized nature of the program.

Added new definitions for 'Designated Language' and 'Program' to clarify the legal framework.

REQUIREMENT

Added a requirement that local boards must participate in the program if the State Board determines there is a significant need for language assistance to voters in a county in a language other than English.

Replaced the requirement for bilingual election judges with a requirement for voters to have the option to communicate with election judges through a translator, and added that the State will provide translation software services.

Added a requirement that the State Administrator must promptly notify each local board and the county's chief financial officer of the requirements under the program.

TIMELINE

Changed the deadline for the State Board to determine significant need from an unspecified date to 'not later than February 1 of the year of the election'.

FISCAL

Added that the State will provide licensed translation software services to local boards, while counties must pay for all other expenses including hardware and each use of the translation software.

Floor votes · Senate Mar 18, 2025 · House of Delegates Mar 25, 2025

How they voted

3112
Passed · 3 other
Total votes 46
Mar 18, 2025
D Democratic33
31 Yea 2
93% Yea
R Republican13
12 Nay 1
92% Nay
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
15
Key actions
10
Committee
7
May 6, 2025
Signed into law
Approved by the Governor - Chapter 277
executive
Apr 7, 2025
Upper · Passed
Returned Passed
upper
Apr 7, 2025
Lower · Passed
Third Reading Passed
lower
Apr 7, 2025
Lower · Passed
Favorable Adopted Second Reading Passed
lower
Apr 5, 2025
Lower · Passed
Favorable Report by Ways and Means
lower
Apr 4, 2025
Committee
Rereferred to Ways and Means
lower
Apr 4, 2025
Committee
Referred Rules and Executive Nominations
lower
Apr 4, 2025
Upper · Passed
Third Reading Passed
upper
Apr 3, 2025
Upper · Passed
Favorable with Amendments {
upper
Apr 3, 2025
Upper · Passed
Favorable with Amendments Report by Education, Energy, and the Environment
upper
Mar 25, 2025
House Of Delegates · Passed
House of Delegates Vote: pass (102-31-6)
house of delegates
Mar 18, 2025
Senate · Passed
Senate Vote: pass (31-12-3)
senate
Jan 30, 2025
Committee
First Reading Education, Energy, and the Environment
upper
1 primary · 0 co-sponsors

Sponsors

Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Photo of Malcolm Augustine
Malcolm Augustine
DDemocratic
MD
47