SB 2999 Hawaii Senate · 2026 Regular Session

RELATING TO A CLEAN FUEL STANDARD.

SB 2999 requires the state Department of Transportation to create and adopt rules by January 1, 2028, establishing a clean fuel standard for alternative transportation fuels like electricity and biofuels. This rulemaking will directly affect fuel providers, refiners, and the state's transportation sector by setting requirements for reducing carbon emissions in these fuels. The bill mandates the DOT to develop specific standards for cleaner fuel use, focusing on lowering greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. It does not set immediate fuel requirements but establishes a timeline for the agency to create enforceable rules. The legislation is currently in committee review after its introduction in January 2026.
Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2026
Committee Review
May 2026
Senate Passage
May 2026
House Passage
May 2026
Signed into Law
Jul 2026
Introduced Jan 23, 2026 Signed Jul 15, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 4 comparisons

What changed between versions

SB2999_CD1 SB2999_HD1 · 14 edits
MAJOR
The House Draft 1 version of SB 2999 makes substantial reductions to the clean fuel standard bill. It removes all consumer protection mechanisms (credit price cap, per-gallon cost threshold, and clearance market), eliminates mandatory reporting and public session requirements, converts several mandatory rulemaking provisions to permissive ones, narrows the scope of electricity credit generation, and changes the effective date to July 1, 3000 - effectively rendering the bill inoperative as written.
ENFORCEMENT

The entire credit clearance market provision (former subsection c) was removed. This had set a maximum credit price of $200 per compliance period (inflation-adjusted) and allowed deficit carry-forward with interest capped at 5% per year, protecting consumers from unreasonable fuel price increases.

The entire consumer cost calculation and protection provision (former subsection d) was removed. This had required DOT to annually calculate the per-gallon consumer cost, set a 15-cent-per-gallon threshold for gasoline or diesel, and mandated corrective actions (reducing the carbon intensity schedule, activating the clearance market early, or other measures) if the threshold was exceeded.

Biennial legislative reporting requirements (former subsection e) were removed, including reports on implementation status, emissions reduction data, market impacts, and proposed legislation.

Annual public informational sessions in each county (former subsection f) and pre-amendment public session requirements (former subsection g) were removed.

SCOPE

Subsection (b) was changed from 'shall adopt rules' to 'may adopt rules,' making all provisions in that subsection (cost containment, electricity credits, opt-in mechanisms, quality standards, inter-jurisdictional linking, credit trading/banking, volume exemptions) permissive rather than mandatory.

ELIGIBILITY

The requirement for fuel to retire credits or deficits was changed from fuel 'sold, supplied, or dispensed for consumption within the State' to fuel that is 'exported from the State.' This fundamentally shifts the compliance obligation from all in-state fuel transactions to only exported fuel.

REQUIREMENT

Electricity credit generation (subsection b(2)) was narrowed: 'electric vehicle charging provider' was removed as an eligible entity, and the scope changed from 'electricity used in transportation' to 'electricity to replace gaseous fuels used in transportation.'

The automatic acceleration mechanism (former subsection b(12)) designed to tighten carbon intensity targets to prevent credit oversupply was removed entirely.

The electric vehicle charging provider credit calculation mechanism based on public fast charging infrastructure capacity (former subsection b(13)) was removed entirely.

TECHNICAL

Inter-jurisdictional coordination (subsection b(8)) was changed from 'consultation and coordination' to 'linking the clean fuel standard to similar policies in other jurisdictions,' indicating a stronger integration requirement with programs like California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard.

The cost analysis projection period in the findings section was shortened from 'through 2045' to 'through 2040.'

The lifecycle modeling update requirement was changed from 'at least biennially or triennially' to a fixed 'every three years based on a review of the best available scientific literature.'

TIMELINE

The effective date was changed from July 1, 2026 to July 1, 3000, which effectively prevents the bill from taking effect unless the date is subsequently amended.

DEFINITION

The proviso in the greenhouse gas definition that protected DOT and Hawaii State Energy Office rulemaking authority from being limited by consultation with the Department of Health was removed.

Floor votes

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
57
Key actions
23
Committee
22
Amendments
2
May 6, 2026
Lower · Passed
Passed Final Reading as amended in CD 1 with none voting aye with reservations; Representative(s) Alcos, Garcia, Gedeon, Kong, Matsumoto, Muraoka, Pierick, Shimizu voting no (8) and none excused (0).
lower
May 6, 2026
Upper · Passed
Passed Final Reading, as amended (CD 1). Ayes, 22; Aye(s) with reservations: Senator(s) Richards. Noes, 3 (Senator(s) Awa, DeCorte, Fevella). Excused, 0 (none).
upper
May 1, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported from Conference Committee (Conf Com. Rep. No. 127-26) as amended in (CD 1).
lower
May 1, 2026
Introduced
48 Hrs. Notice (as amended CD 1) 05-06-26.
upper
May 1, 2026
Upper · Passed
Reported from Conference Committee as amended CD 1 (Conf. Com. Rep. No. 127-26).
upper
May 1, 2026
Lower · Passed
The Conference Committee recommends that the measure be Passed, with Amendments. The votes were as follows: 3 Ayes: Representative(s) Lowen, Perruso, Quinlan; Ayes with reservations: none; 0 Noes: none; and 2 Excused: Representative(s) Kila, Matsumoto.
lower
May 1, 2026
Upper · Passed
The Conference committee recommends that the measure be PASSED, WITH AMENDMENTS. The votes of the Senate Conference Managers were as follows: 2 Aye(s): Senator(s) Lee, C., Kanuha; Aye(s) with reservations: none ; 0 No(es): none; and 1 Excused: Senator(s) Fevella.
upper
May 1, 2026
Upper · Passed
Conference committee meeting to reconvene on 05-01-26 12:40 PM; Conference Room 229.
upper
May 1, 2026
Upper · Passed
Conference committee meeting to reconvene on 05-01-26 11:45 AM; Conference Room 229.
upper
Apr 30, 2026
Lower · Passed
Conference Committee Meeting will reconvene on Friday 05-01-26 10:10AM in conference room 325.
lower
Apr 29, 2026
Lower · Passed
Conference Committee Meeting will reconvene on Thursday 04-30-26 10:10AM in conference room 325.
lower
Apr 28, 2026
Lower · Passed
Conference Committee Meeting will reconvene on Wednesday 04-29-26 10:10AM in conference room 325.
lower
Apr 27, 2026
Lower · Passed
Conference Committee Meeting will reconvene on Tuesday 04-28-26 10:11AM in conference room 325.
lower
Apr 24, 2026
Lower · Passed
Bill scheduled for Conference Committee Meeting on Monday, 04-27-26 9:45AM in conference room 325.
lower
Apr 16, 2026
Amended
Senate disagrees with House amendments.
upper
Apr 16, 2026
Introduced
Received from House (Hse. Com. No. 724).
upper
Apr 14, 2026
Lower · Passed
Passed Third Reading with Representative(s) Cochran, Iwamoto voting aye with reservations; Representative(s) Alcos, Garcia, Gedeon, Kong, Pierick, Shimizu voting no (6) and Representative(s) Quinlan excused (1). Transmitted to Senate.
lower
Apr 7, 2026
Lower · Passed
The committee on FIN recommend that the measure be PASSED, UNAMENDED. The votes were as follows: 15 Ayes: Representative(s) Todd, Takenouchi, Hussey, Kitagawa, Kusch, Morikawa, Perruso, Templo, Yamashita, Reyes Oda; Ayes with reservations: Representative(s) Hartsfield, Keohokapu-Lee Loy, Lee, M., Miyake, Gedeon; 1 Noes: Representative(s) Alcos; and Excused: none.
lower
Mar 30, 2026
Lower · Passed
Report adopted; referred to the committee(s) on FIN as amended in HD 2 with none voting aye with reservations; Representative(s) Alcos, Garcia, Gedeon, Pierick, Shimizu voting no (5) and Representative(s) Cochran, Lowen, Perruso, Quinlan excused (4).
lower
Mar 30, 2026
Committee
Reported from TRN (Stand. Com. Rep. No. 1561-26) as amended in HD 2, recommending referral to FIN.
lower
Mar 27, 2026
Lower · Passed
The committee on TRN recommend that the measure be PASSED, WITH AMENDMENTS. The votes were as follows: 6 Ayes: Representative(s) Kila, Miyake, Evslin, Grandinetti, Kitagawa, Cochran; Ayes with reservations: none; 0 Noes: none; and 3 Excused: Representative(s) La Chica, Muraoka, Pierick.
lower
Mar 19, 2026
Committee
Reported from EEP (Stand. Com. Rep. No. 1223-26) as amended in HD 1, recommending passage on Second Reading and referral to TRN.
lower
Mar 17, 2026
Lower · Passed
The committee on EEP recommend that the measure be PASSED, WITH AMENDMENTS. The votes were as follows: 7 Ayes: Representative(s) Lowen, Perruso, Chun, Kahaloa, Kusch, Quinlan; Ayes with reservations: Representative(s) Matsumoto; Noes: none; and Excused: none.
lower
Mar 12, 2026
Committee
Referred to EEP, TRN, FIN, referral sheet 17
lower
Mar 10, 2026
Introduced
Received from Senate (Sen. Com. No. 337) in amended form (SD 1).
lower
Mar 10, 2026
Upper · Passed
Passed Third Reading, as amended (SD 1). Ayes, 25; Aye(s) with reservations: none. Noes, 0 (none). Excused, 0 (none). Transmitted to House.
upper
Mar 5, 2026
Upper · Passed
Report adopted; Passed Second Reading, as amended (SD 1).
upper
Mar 2, 2026
Upper · Passed
The committee(s) on WAM recommend(s) that the measure be PASSED, WITH AMENDMENTS. The votes in WAM were as follows: 13 Aye(s): Senator(s) Dela Cruz, Moriwaki, DeCoite, Elefante, Hashimoto, Inouye, Kanuha, Kidani, Kim, Lee, C., Wakai, Fevella; Aye(s) with reservations: Senator(s) Richards ; 0 No(es): none; and 0 Excused: none.
upper
Feb 27, 2026
Upper · Passed
The committee(s) on WAM has scheduled a public hearing on 03-02-26 10:00AM; Conference Room 211 & Videoconference.
upper
Feb 25, 2026
Committee
Re-Referred to WAM.
upper
Feb 13, 2026
Upper · Passed
The committee(s) on TRS/AEN has scheduled a public hearing on 02-17-26 3:01PM; Conference Room 229 & Videoconference.
upper
Jan 30, 2026
Committee
Referred to TRS/AEN, WAM.
upper
Jan 23, 2026
Introduced
Introduced.
upper
1 primary · 0 co-sponsors

Sponsors

Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Photo of Chris Lee
Chris Lee
DDemocratic
HI
25