essential drugs; price increases; limits

HB 2645 prohibits price gouging on "essential off-patent or generic drugs" in Arizona, which are defined as common, non-patented medications meeting specific criteria (e.g., expired patents, listed by WHO or HHS as essential for serious conditions). It directly affects drug manufacturers and distributors, requiring them to justify price increases of 50% or more within a year - triggered if costs exceed $80 for a 30-day supply or full treatment - by submitting detailed cost breakdowns to the Attorney General. The law allows the Attorney General to investigate, demand corrective actions (like refunding consumers), and impose civil penalties up to $10,000 per violation. It specifically targets drugs used in Arizona’s state medical assistance program (Medicaid), aiming to prevent unjustified price hikes that limit patient access.